Introduction
In this modern and innovative world, individuals are capable enough to get what they see. The role of artificial intelligence would be simultaneously straightforward in that case. Artificial intelligence is one of the most famous data-driven technologies emerging at a swift pace, accommodating the whole world. There would be no surprise in saying that the market size of artificial intelligence is growing dramatically and will reshape the dimensions of technological advancements in the upcoming future. In 2019, the market size of artificial intelligence was estimated at $27.23 billion. This figure projects that the market size will value AI at $266.92 billion by 2027.
Let us consider the collision avoidance system in self-driven cars. An AI system can directly map an input to an appropriate action if visual input to on-board cameras is entirely trusted i.e. steer left, steer right or go straight continuously in order to dodge any ramblers that cameras notice on the road. But what if the camera is manipulated or slightly shifts images by a few pixels? The car might take potentially unnecessary and dangerous actions if it starts trusting adversarial inputs blindly.