Unleashing the Power of Natural Language Input in ChatGPT

Recent innovations have captured our imagination as profoundly as OpenAI's ChatGPT. With its remarkable ability to understand and generate human-like text, ChatGPT has revolutionized how we interact with technology. In this blog, we'll delve into the captivating world of ChatGPT and explore how its natural language input capabilities are shaping the future of human-AI interactions. 

The Rise of Natural Language Processing

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the backbone of ChatGPT's prowess. It's a field of AI that aims to bridge the gap between human communication and computer understanding. NLP algorithms like ChatGPT enable machines to interpret and generate human language, opening doors to seamless communication between humans and computers. 

Using AI To Detect Sentiment In Audio Files

I don’t know if you’ve ever used Grammarly’s service for writing and editing content. But if you have, then you no doubt have seen the feature that detects the tone of your writing.

It’s an extremely helpful tool! It can be hard to know how something you write might be perceived by others, and this can help affirm or correct you. Sure, it’s some algorithm doing the work, and we know that not all AI-driven stuff is perfectly accurate. But as a gut check, it’s really useful.

Now imagine being able to do the same thing with audio files. How neat would it be to understand the underlying sentiments captured in audio recordings? Podcasters especially could stand to benefit from a tool like that, not to mention customer service teams and many other fields.

An audio sentiment analysis has the potential to transform the way we interact with data.

That’s what we are going to accomplish in this article.

The idea is fairly straightforward:

  • Upload an audio file.
  • Convert the content from speech to text.
  • Generate a score that indicates the type of sentiment it communicates.

But how do we actually build an interface that does all that? I’m going to introduce you to three tools and show how they work together to create an audio sentiment analyzer.

But First: Why Audio Sentiment Analysis?

By harnessing the capabilities of an audio sentiment analysis tool, developers and data professionals can uncover valuable insights from audio recordings, revolutionizing the way we interpret emotions and sentiments in the digital age. Customer service, for example, is crucial for businesses aiming to deliver personable experiences. We can surpass the limitations of text-based analysis to get a better idea of the feelings communicated by verbal exchanges in a variety of settings, including:

  • Call centers
    Call center agents can gain real-time insights into customer sentiment, enabling them to provide personalized and empathetic support.
  • Voice assistants
    Companies can improve their natural language processing algorithms to deliver more accurate responses to customer questions.
  • Surveys
    Organizations can gain valuable insights and understand customer satisfaction levels, identify areas of improvement, and make data-driven decisions to enhance overall customer experience.

And that is just the tip of the iceberg for one industry. Audio sentiment analysis offers valuable insights across various industries. Consider healthcare as another example. Audio analysis could enhance patient care and improve doctor-patient interactions. Healthcare providers can gain a deeper understanding of patient feedback, identify areas for improvement, and optimize the overall patient experience.

Market research is another area that could benefit from audio analysis. Researchers can leverage sentiments to gain valuable insights into a target audience’s reactions that could be used in everything from competitor analyses to brand refreshes with the use of audio speech data from interviews, focus groups, or even social media interactions where audio is used.

I can also see audio analysis being used in the design process. Like, instead of asking stakeholders to write responses, how about asking them to record their verbal reactions and running those through an audio analysis tool? The possibilities are endless!

The Technical Foundations Of Audio Sentiment Analysis

Let’s explore the technical foundations that underpin audio sentiment analysis. We will delve into machine learning for natural language processing (NLP) tasks and look into Streamlit as a web application framework. These essential components lay the groundwork for the audio analyzer we’re making.

Natural Language Processing

In our project, we leverage the Hugging Face Transformers library, a crucial component of our development toolkit. Developed by Hugging Face, the Transformers library equips developers with a vast collection of pre-trained models and advanced techniques, enabling them to extract valuable insights from audio data.

With Transformers, we can supply our audio analyzer with the ability to classify text, recognize named entities, answer questions, summarize text, translate, and generate text. Most notably, it also provides speech recognition and audio classification capabilities. Basically, we get an API that taps into pre-trained models so that our AI tool has a starting point rather than us having to train it ourselves.

UI Framework And Deployments

Streamlit is a web framework that simplifies the process of building interactive data applications. What I like about it is that it provides a set of predefined components that works well in the command line with the rest of the tools we’re using for the audio analyzer, not to mention we can deploy directly to their service to preview our work. It’s not required, as there may be other frameworks you are more familiar with.

Building The App

Now that we’ve established the two core components of our technical foundation, we will next explore implementation, such as

  1. Setting up the development environment,
  2. Performing sentiment analysis,
  3. Integrating speech recognition,
  4. Building the user interface, and
  5. Deploying the app.

Initial Setup

We begin by importing the libraries we need:

import os
import traceback
import streamlit as st
import speech_recognition as sr
from transformers import pipeline

We import os for system operations, traceback for error handling, streamlit (st) as our UI framework and for deployments, speech_recognition (sr) for audio transcription, and pipeline from Transformers to perform sentiment analysis using pre-trained models.

The project folder can be a pretty simple single directory with the following files:

  • app.py: The main script file for the Streamlit application.
  • requirements.txt: File specifying project dependencies.
  • README.md: Documentation file providing an overview of the project.

Creating The User Interface

Next, we set up the layout, courtesy of Streamlit’s framework. We can create a spacious UI by calling a wide layout:

st.set_page_config(layout="wide")

This ensures that the user interface provides ample space for displaying results and interacting with the tool.

Now let’s add some elements to the page using Streamlit’s functions. We can add a title and write some text:

// app.py
st.title("🎧 Audio Analysis 📝")
st.write("[Joas](https://huggingface.co/Pontonkid)")

I’d like to add a sidebar to the layout that can hold a description of the app as well as the form control for uploading an audio file. We’ll use the main area of the layout to display the audio transcription and sentiment score.

Here’s how we add a sidebar with Streamlit:

// app.py
st.sidebar.title("Audio Analysis")
st.sidebar.write("The Audio Analysis app is a powerful tool that allows you to analyze audio files and gain valuable insights from them. It combines speech recognition and sentiment analysis techniques to transcribe the audio and determine the sentiment expressed within it.")

And here’s how we add the form control for uploading an audio file:

// app.py
st.sidebar.header("Upload Audio")
audio_file = st.sidebar.file_uploader("Browse", type=["wav"])
upload_button = st.sidebar.button("Upload")

Notice that I’ve set up the file_uploader() so it only accepts WAV audio files. That’s just a preference, and you can specify the exact types of files you want to support. Also, notice how I added an Upload button to initiate the upload process.

Analyzing Audio Files

Here’s the fun part, where we get to extract text from an audio file, analyze it, and calculate a score that measures the sentiment level of what is said in the audio.

The plan is the following:

  1. Configure the tool to utilize a pre-trained NLP model fetched from the Hugging Face models hub.
  2. Integrate Transformers’ pipeline to perform sentiment analysis on the transcribed text.
  3. Print the transcribed text.
  4. Return a score based on the analysis of the text.

In the first step, we configure the tool to leverage a pre-trained model:

// app.py
def perform_sentiment_analysis(text):
  model_name = "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english"

This points to a model in the hub called DistilBERT. I like it because it’s focused on text classification and is pretty lightweight compared to some other models, making it ideal for a tutorial like this. But there are plenty of other models available in Transformers out there to consider.

Now we integrate the pipeline() function that does the sentiment analysis:

// app.py
def perform_sentiment_analysis(text):
  model_name = "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english"
  sentiment_analysis = pipeline("sentiment-analysis", model=model_name)

We’ve set that up to perform a sentiment analysis based on the DistilBERT model we’re using.

Next up, define a variable for the text that we get back from the analysis:

// app.py
def perform_sentiment_analysis(text):
  model_name = "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english"
  sentiment_analysis = pipeline("sentiment-analysis", model=model_name)
  results = sentiment_analysis(text)

From there, we’ll assign variables for the score label and the score itself before returning it for use:

// app.py
def perform_sentiment_analysis(text):
  model_name = "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english"
  sentiment_analysis = pipeline("sentiment-analysis", model=model_name)
  results = sentiment_analysis(text)
  sentiment_label = results[0]['label']
  sentiment_score = results[0]['score']
  return sentiment_label, sentiment_score

That’s our complete perform_sentiment_analysis() function!

Transcribing Audio Files

Next, we’re going to transcribe the content in the audio file into plain text. We’ll do that by defining a transcribe_audio() function that uses the speech_recognition library to transcribe the uploaded audio file:

// app.py
def transcribe_audio(audio_file):
  r = sr.Recognizer()
  with sr.AudioFile(audio_file) as source:
    audio = r.record(source)
    transcribed_text = r.recognize_google(audio)
  return transcribed_text

We initialize a recognizer object (r) from the speech_recognition library and open the uploaded audio file using the AudioFile function. We then record the audio using r.record(source). Finally, we use the Google Speech Recognition API through r.recognize_google(audio) to transcribe the audio and obtain the transcribed text.

In a main() function, we first check if an audio file is uploaded and the upload button is clicked. If both conditions are met, we proceed with audio transcription and sentiment analysis.

// app.py
def main():
  if audio_file and upload_button:
    try:
      transcribed_text = transcribe_audio(audio_file)
      sentiment_label, sentiment_score = perform_sentiment_analysis(transcribed_text)

Integrating Data With The UI

We have everything we need to display a sentiment analysis for an audio file in our app’s interface. We have the file uploader, a language model to train the app, a function for transcribing the audio into text, and a way to return a score. All we need to do now is hook it up to the app!

What I’m going to do is set up two headers and a text area from Streamlit, as well as variables for icons that represent the sentiment score results:

// app.py
st.header("Transcribed Text")
st.text_area("Transcribed Text", transcribed_text, height=200)
st.header("Sentiment Analysis")
negative_icon = "👎"
neutral_icon = "😐"
positive_icon = "👍"

Let’s use conditional statements to display the sentiment score based on which label corresponds to the returned result. If a sentiment label is empty, we use st.empty() to leave the section blank.

// app.py
if sentiment_label == "NEGATIVE":
  st.write(f"{negative_icon} Negative (Score: {sentiment_score})", unsafe_allow_html=True)
else:
  st.empty()

if sentiment_label == "NEUTRAL":
  st.write(f"{neutral_icon} Neutral (Score: {sentiment_score})", unsafe_allow_html=True)
else:
  st.empty()

if sentiment_label == "POSITIVE":
  st.write(f"{positive_icon} Positive (Score: {sentiment_score})", unsafe_allow_html=True)
else:
  st.empty()

Streamlit has a handy st.info() element for displaying informational messages and statuses. Let’s tap into that to display an explanation of the sentiment score results:

// app.py
st.info(
  "The sentiment score measures how strongly positive, negative, or neutral the feelings or opinions are."
  "A higher score indicates a positive sentiment, while a lower score indicates a negative sentiment."
)

We should account for error handling, right? If any exceptions occur during the audio transcription and sentiment analysis processes, they are caught in an except block. We display an error message using Streamlit’s st.error() function to inform users about the issue, and we also print the exception traceback using traceback.print_exc():

// app.py
except Exception as ex:
  st.error("Error occurred during audio transcription and sentiment analysis.")
  st.error(str(ex))
  traceback.print_exc()

This code block ensures that the app’s main() function is executed when the script is run as the main program:

// app.py
if __name__ == "__main__": main()

It’s common practice to wrap the execution of the main logic within this condition to prevent it from being executed when the script is imported as a module.

Deployments And Hosting

Now that we have successfully built our audio sentiment analysis tool, it’s time to deploy it and publish it live. For convenience, I am using the Streamlit Community Cloud for deployments since I’m already using Streamlit as a UI framework. That said, I do think it is a fantastic platform because it’s free and allows you to share your apps pretty easily.

But before we proceed, there are a few prerequisites:

  • GitHub account
    If you don’t already have one, create a GitHub account. GitHub will serve as our code repository that connects to the Streamlit Community Cloud. This is where Streamlit gets the app files to serve.
  • Streamlit Community Cloud account
    Sign up for a Streamlit Cloud so you can deploy to the cloud.

Once you have your accounts set up, it’s time to dive into the deployment process:

  1. Create a GitHub repository.
    Create a new repository on GitHub. This repository will serve as a central hub for managing and collaborating on the codebase.
  2. Create the Streamlit application.
    Log into Streamlit Community Cloud and create a new application project, providing details like the name and pointing the app to the GitHub repository with the app files.
  3. Configure deployment settings.
    Customize the deployment environment by specifying a Python version and defining environment variables.

That’s it! From here, Streamlit will automatically build and deploy our application when new changes are pushed to the main branch of the GitHub repository. You can see a working example of the audio analyzer I created: Live Demo.

Conclusion

There you have it! You have successfully built and deployed an app that recognizes speech in audio files, transcribes that speech into text, analyzes the text, and assigns a score that indicates whether the overall sentiment of the speech is positive or negative.

We used a tech stack that only consists of a language model (Transformers) and a UI framework (Streamlit) that has integrated deployment and hosting capabilities. That’s really all we needed to pull everything together!

So, what’s next? Imagine capturing sentiments in real time. That could open up new avenues for instant insights and dynamic applications. It’s an exciting opportunity to push the boundaries and take this audio sentiment analysis experiment to the next level.

Further Reading on Smashing Magazine

How To Use AI Tools To Skyrocket Your Programming Productivity

Programming is fun. At least, that’s the relationship I would love to have with programming. However, we all know that with the thrills and joys of programming, there comes a multitude of struggles, unforeseen problems, and long hours of coding. Not to mention — too much coffee.

If only there were a way to cut out all of the menial struggles programmers face daily and bring them straight to the things they should be spending their energy on thinking and doing, such as critical problem-solving, creating better designs, and testing their creations.

Well, in recent times, we’ve been introduced to exactly that.

The start of this year marked the dawn of a huge shift towards Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a means of completing tasks, saving time, and improving our systems. There is a whole new realm of use cases with the rise of AI and its potential to seriously impact our lives in a positive manner.

While many have concerns swirling about AI taking over jobs (and yes, programmers have been raised up), I take an entirely different perspective. I believe that AI has the ability to skyrocket your productivity in programming like nothing before, and over the last couple of months, I have been able to reap the benefits of this growing wave.

Today, I want to share this knowledge with you and the ways that I have been using AI to supersize my programming output and productivity so that you’ll be able to do the same.

Case Study: ChatGPT

If you have missed much of the recent news, let me get you up to speed and share with you the main inspiration for this guide. In late November 2022, OpenAI announced its latest chatbot — ChatGPT, which took the world by storm with over a million sign-ups in its first week.

It was an extremely powerful tool that had never been seen before, blowing people away with its capabilities and responses. Want a 30-word summary of a 1000-word article? Throw it in, and in a few seconds, you’ve just saved yourself a long read. Need an email sales copy for a programming book that teaches you how to code in O(1) speed, written in the style of Kent Beck? Again, it will be back to you in a few seconds. The list of ChatGPT use cases goes on.

However, as a programmer, what really got me excited was ChatGPT’s ability to understand and write code. GPT-3, the model that ChatGPT runs on, has been trained on a wide range of text, including programming languages and code excerpts. As a result, it can generate code snippets and explanations within a matter of seconds.

While there are many AI tools other than ChatGPT that can help programmers boost their productivity, such as Youchat and Cogram, I will be looking at ChatGPT as the main tool for this guide, due to the fact that it is publicly available for free at OpenAI’s website and that it has a very gentle learning curve for a wide range of applications.

And again, before we continue, I would like to re-emphasize that

AI tools such as ChatGPT are meant to streamline your workflow, not take over and replace your thinking and problem-solving.

That being said, let’s see how I used ChatGPT to skyrocket my programming productivity.

Common Problems And How ChatGPT Can Help

To help shine a light on this topic, I have compiled five of the most common ways that I have used ChatGPT to overcome problems that any programmer would experience daily. Those five problems are the following:

  1. Programmer’s block,
  2. Long hours of debugging,
  3. Understanding long documentation,
  4. Developer testing,
  5. Code optimization.

It’s a lot to cover, but I’ll give you real-life examples so that you will be able to take the knowledge from this guide and use it to your own advantage. Let’s jump straight in.

Programmer’s Block

Programmer’s block is the programmer’s equivalent of writer’s block and is one of the most common problems that many programmers, myself included, face regularly. When tasked with a significant programming job, such as getting started with building a multiple-page website in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, it’s easy to get caught in the weeds of not knowing where to start.

Or you could be knee-deep in a coding project and hit a roadblock in finding a solution for a problem. It’s often a frustrating scenario to be in.

ChatGPT has been an excellent solution for that. Let’s look at the example above in having programmer’s block before embarking on a large programming task. Suppose I’m looking to start a new project. After surfing for software company ideas, I decided to develop a sleek and modern online store in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to sell my latest programming book.

While ChatGPT won’t be able to hit the mark in producing the entire project, a great way to use it is to generate the skeleton for you to begin. Throwing in a detailed prompt for the task, this is what you get:

Prompt: Can you provide a basic structure for a sleek and modern single online store landing page, with red as the main color, for my new programming book in HTML and CSS?

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Your Book Title</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
  <header>
    <nav>
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
      </ul>
    </nav>
  </header>
  <main>
    <section>
      <h1>Programming book title</h1>
      <p>A comprehensive guide to becoming a proficient programmer</p>
      <button>Learn More</button>
    </section>
    <section>
      <h2>Features of the Book:</h2>
      <ul>
        <li>Step-by-step tutorials for learning core programming concepts</li>
        <li>In-depth explanations of commonly used programming languages</li>
        <li>Hands-on exercises and real-world projects to reinforce learning</li>
        <li>Case studies to illustrate the application of programming in various industries</li>
        <li>Tips and tricks for efficient and effective programming practices</li>
      </ul>
    </section>
  </main>
  <footer>
    <p>Copyright 2023</p>
  </footer>
</body>

style.css

body {
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

header, footer {
  background-color: red;
  color: white;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: 50px;
  box-shadow: 0px 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

nav ul {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

nav a {
  color: white;
  display: block;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  text-decoration: none;
}

main {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: calc(100vh - 100px);
}

section {
  max-width: 800px;
  padding: 40px;
  margin-top: 100px;
  text-align: center;
  background-color: white;
  box-shadow: 0px 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  border-radius: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

h2 {
  margin-top: 40px;
}

ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin-top: 20px;
  padding-left: 0;
}

li {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

That gives us the following template to start our work with:

Nothing impressive, but it does provide a great starting point as opposed to a blank HTML file.

Now, of course, I would highly recommend that the most you create with this is the barebones structure. We are using these tools to abstract away menial tasks like creating the HTML structure so that you can focus on more important things like implementing your own CSS styles and HTML features.

HTML and CSS templates are already widely-used concepts. However, with AI, we can now create more personalized templates and basic code structures, getting us from staring at a blank HTML file to a workable skeleton in a matter of minutes.

Use it to create a starting platform for you to get over your programmer’s block, but for the fine details and exact features, your programming knowledge will still be irreplaceable.

Nevertheless, I have been using it to get numerous programming projects up and running. I had this sentence-length counter made from scratch easily within an hour by creating the base template and adding on what I wanted after. I find that being able to jump-start that process makes my programming workflow much more streamlined and enjoyable.

Long Hours Of Debugging

Another common frustration every programmer knows is debugging. Debugging is an extremely time-intensive aspect of programming that can often be very draining and leave programmers at roadblocks, which is detrimental to a productive programming session.

Fortunately, AI is able to cut out a lot of the frustration of debugging, while at the same time, it does not replace the job of programmers in having strong fundamentals in knowing how to debug. At the current time, most AI tools are not able to spot every single flaw in your code and suggest the correct changes to make; hence, it is still essential that you are capable of debugging code.

However, AI is a great supplementary tool to your debugging skills in two main ways:

  1. Understanding runtime errors;
  2. Providing context-aware suggestions.

Understanding Runtime Errors

When faced with errors that you have never seen before in your code, a common reaction would be to hit Google and spend the next chunk of your time surfing through forums and guides to try and find a specific answer for something like the following:

Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property 'value' of undefined.

Rather than spending your time frantically searching the web, a simple prompt can provide everything you would need for the most part.

Providing Context-Aware Suggestions

The other way in which I’ve been able to get help from ChatGPT for debugging is through its context-aware suggestions for errors. Traditionally, even though we may find the answers for what our program’s bugs are online, it is oftentimes difficult to put the errors and solutions into context.

Here is how ChatGPT handles both of these scenarios with a simple prompt.

Prompt: I found the error “Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property value of undefined.” in my Python code. How do I resolve it?

With this, I have been able to cut out a lot of time that I would have been spending surfing for answers and turn that time into producing error-free code. While you still have to have good knowledge in knowing how to implement these fixes, using AI as a supplementary tool in your debugging arsenal can provide a huge boost in your programming productivity.

Understanding Long Documentation

Another fantastic way to use AI tools to your advantage is by streamlining long documentation into digestible information that comes when having to use APIs or libraries. As a Natural Language Processing model, this is where ChatGPT excels.

Imagine you’re working on a new web development project, but want to use Flask for the first time. Traditionally, you might spend hours scrolling through pages of dense documentation from Flask, trying to find the precise information you need.

With a tool like ChatGPT, you’ll be able to streamline this problem and save an immense amount of time in the following ways:

  • Generate concise summaries
    You’ll be able to automatically summarize long code documentation, making it easier to quickly understand the key points without having to read through the entire document.
  • Answer specific questions
    ChatGPT can answer specific questions about the code documentation, allowing you to quickly find the information you need without having to search through the entire document.
  • Explain technical terms
    If you are having trouble understanding some terms in the documentation, rather than navigating back to extensive forum threads, ChatGPT can explain technical terms in simple language, making it easier for non-technical team members to understand the code documentation.
  • Provide examples
    Similarly to debugging, you can get relatable examples for each code concept in the documentation, making it easier for you to understand how the code works and how you can apply it to your own projects.
  • Generate code snippets
    ChatGPT can generate code snippets based on the code documentation, allowing you to experiment with use cases and tailor the examples to your specific needs.

It’s like having a search engine that can understand the context of your query and provide the most relevant information. You’ll no longer be bogged down by pages of text, and you can focus on writing and testing your code. Personally, I have been able to blast through numerous libraries, understand and apply them for my own needs in a fraction of the time I normally would.

Developer Testing

Developer testing is one of the cornerstone skills that a programmer or developer must have in order to create bulletproof programs and applications. However, even for experienced programmers, a common problem in developer testing is that you won’t know what you don’t know.

What that means is that in your created test cases, you might miss certain aspects of your program or application that could go unnoticed until it reaches a larger audience. Oftentimes, to avoid that scenario, we could spend hours on end trying to bulletproof our code to ensure that it covers all its bases.

However, this is a great way that I’ve been able to incorporate AI into my workflow as well.

Having AI suggest tests that cover all edge cases is a great way to provide an objective and well-rounded testing phase for your projects.

It also does so in a fraction of the time you would spend.

For example, you are working on the same product landing page for your programming book from earlier. Now, I’ve created a proper product page that involves a form with the following fields for you to process:

script.js

// Get references to the form elements.
const form = document.getElementById("payment-form");
const cardNumber = document.getElementById("card-number");
const expiryDate = document.getElementById("expiry-date");
const cvv = document.getElementById("cvv");
const submitButton = document.getElementById("submit-button");

// Handle form submission.
form.addEventListener("submit", (event) => {
  event.preventDefault();

  // Disable the submit button to prevent multiple submissions.
  submitButton.disabled = true;

  // Create an object to hold the form data.
  const formData = {
    cardNumber: cardNumber.value,
    expiryDate: expiryDate.value,
    cvv: cvv.value,
  };

  // Perform client-side validation on the form data
  if (!validateFormData(formData)) {
    // If the data is invalid, re-enable the submit button and return
    submitButton.disabled = false;
    return;
  }

  // Send the form data to the server.
  // The following is just an example and should not be used in a real-world scenario
  // as it lacks security measures and proper payment gateway integration.
  fetch("/charge", {
    method: "POST",
    body: JSON.stringify(formData),
    headers: {
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
  })
    .then((response) => response.json())
    .then((data) => {
      // Handle the server response.
      if (data.success) {
        // Payment was successful.
        alert("Payment successful!");
      } else {
        // Payment failed.
        alert("Payment failed. Please try again.");
        submitButton.disabled = false;
      }
    })
    .catch((error) => {
      console.error(error);
      alert("An error occurred. Please try again.");
      submitButton.disabled = false;
    });
});

// Perform client-side validation on the form data.
function validateFormData(data) {
  // Example validation checks.
  if (!data.cardNumber || data.cardNumber.length !== 16) {
    alert("Please enter a valid card number.");
    return false;
  }
  if (!data.expiryDate || data.expiryDate.length !== 5) {
    alert("Please enter a valid expiry date in the format MM/YY.");
    return false;
  }
  if (!data.cvv || data.cvv.length !== 3) {
    alert("Please enter a valid CVV.");
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

Knowing that there are many invalid inputs that customers might use, you want to create some test cases to validate your form’s functionalities. Rather than spending copious amounts of time coming up with numerous test cases, let’s let AI identify any edge cases we missed to bulletproof our tests.

Prompt: Can you help to come up with some edge cases to ensure that the form does not accept any invalid inputs in collecting payment details?

test.js

// Test Case 1: Check if form doesn't submit when fields are empty.
document.querySelector("form").addEventListener("submit", function(e) {
  e.preventDefault();
  var name = document.querySelector("input[name='name']").value;
  var address = document.querySelector("input[name='address']").value;
  var cardNumber = document.querySelector("input[name='card-number']").value;
  var expiryDate = document.querySelector("input[name='expiry-date']").value;
  var cvv = document.querySelector("input[name='cvv']").value;

  if (!name || !address || !cardNumber || !expiryDate || !cvv) {
    alert("All fields are required");
    return;
  }

  // Check if all the fields contain valid inputs.
  if (!validateName(name) || !validateAddress(address) || !validateCardNumber(cardNumber) || !validateExpiryDate(expiryDate) || !validateCVV(cvv)) {
    return;
  }

  // Continue with payment processing.
});

// Test Case 2: Check if name input is valid.
function validateName(name) {
  var nameRegEx = /^[a-zA-Z ]+$/;
  if (!nameRegEx.test(name)) {
    alert("Invalid name. Please enter a valid name");
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

// Test Case 3: Check if address input is valid.
function validateAddress(address) {
  var addressRegEx = /^[a-zA-Z0-9\s,'-]*$/;
  if (!addressRegEx.test(address)) {
    alert("Invalid address. Please enter a valid address");
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

// Test Case 4: Check if card number input is valid.
function validateCardNumber(cardNumber) {
  var cardNumberRegEx = /^\d{16}$/;
  if (!cardNumberRegEx.test(cardNumber)) {
    alert("Invalid card number. Please enter a valid card number");
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

The need to create all sorts of test cases, which is usually a daunting and repetitive task, after a while of working on the same project, can make programming feel very menial. However, with the assistance of AI, this process can be streamlined and, at the same time, improved to cover more bases in your developer testing.

Code Optimization

As it stands, AI still has a long way to go in helping to optimize code and can’t actually do the optimization itself. However, it can still help to provide some useful insights and give some pointers to improving your programming. Here are the most common ways that I have used ChatGPT in optimizing my code for performance:

  • Code Suggestions
    Most simply, it can suggest code snippets or alternative solutions to improve the performance of your existing code.
  • Best Practices
    Having been trained on a wide range of code patterns, ChatGPT can help you follow best practices for coding and software design, leading to more efficient and optimized code.
  • Refactoring
    It helps to reorganize existing code to improve its efficiency and maintainability without affecting its functionality.
  • Knowledge Sharing
    There are many scenarios where your code can be implemented simply through a single import or with other programming languages, libraries, and frameworks. ChatGPT’s suggestions help ensure you are making informed decisions on the best implementations for your needs.

Of course, the bulk of these still requires you to optimize your code manually. However, using AI to gain insights and suggestions for this can be a great way to improve your productivity and produce higher-quality code.

AI Is Amazing, But It Does Have Its Limitations

Now that we have seen what AI can do for you and your programming productivity, I would imagine you are bubbling with ideas on how you are going to start implementing these in your programming workflows.

However, it is essential to keep in mind that these models are fairly new and still have a long way to go regarding reliability and accuracy. These are just some of the limitations that AI, specifically, ChatGPT, has:

  • Limited Understanding
    AI algorithms like ChatGPT have a limited understanding of code and may not fully understand the implications and trade-offs of certain programming decisions.
  • Training Data Limitations
    The quality and relevance of AI algorithms’ output depend on the quality and scope of the training data. For example, ChatGPT was only trained on data dating to 2021. Any updates in programming languages since then may not be reflected.
  • Bias
    AI algorithms can be biased towards specific patterns or solutions based on the data they were trained on, leading to suboptimal or incorrect code suggestions.
  • Lack of Context
    AI algorithms may struggle to understand the context and the desired outcome of a specific coding task, leading to generic or irrelevant advice. While this can be minimized with specific prompts, it is still difficult to generate solutions to more complicated problems.

Nevertheless, these limitations are a small price for the multitude of benefits that AI tools provide. While I am an advocate of using AI to boost your programming productivity, keeping in mind these limitations are crucial when using AI in your workflows as it is important to ensure that the information or code you are producing is reliable, especially if you are using it in a professional setting.

With the current limitations, AI should only be used as a means to assist your current skills, not to replace them. Hence, with that in mind, use it tactfully and sparingly to achieve a good balance in boosting your productivity but not detracting from your skills as a programmer.

How Else Will AI Improve Programmers’ Lives?

While I have mainly talked about the technical aspects of programming that AI can help in, there are many other areas where AI can help to make your life as a programmer much easier.

We are just at the tip of the iceberg in this incoming wave of AI. Many new use cases for AI appear every day with the potential to improve programmers’ lives even further. In the future, we are likely to see many new integrations of AI in many of our daily software uses as programmers.

There already exists general writing software, which could be useful for programmers in creating code and API documentation. These have been around for a while and have become widely accepted as a tool that helps, not replaces.

General productivity and notetaking tools that use AI have also been a big hit, especially for programming students who have to plow through large amounts of information every day. All in all, where there is a labor-intensive task that can be resolved, AI will likely be making headway in those areas.

Wrapping Up

To wrap things up, I will end with a reminder from the opening of this guide. I believe that there is massive potential in becoming well-versed with AI, not as a means to replace our work, but as a means to improve it.

With the right knowledge of what you can and, more importantly, cannot do, AI can be an extremely valuable skill to have in your programming arsenal and will undoubtedly save you copious amounts of time if used correctly.

Hence, rather than fearing the incoming wave of new AI technology, I encourage you to embrace it. Take the knowledge you have learned from the guide and tailor it to your own needs and uses. Every programmer’s workflows are different, but with the right principles and a good knowledge of the limitations of AI, the benefits are equally available to everyone.

So all that’s left for you to do is to reap the supersized benefits that come with integrating AI into your current workflows and see your programming productivity skyrocket as it has for me. And if there’s one thing to remember, it’s to use AI as your assistant, not your replacement.

How ChatGPT Is Revolutionizing the World of Natural Language Processing

Natural language processing (NLP) has come a long way in recent years, and ChatGPT is playing a major role in its evolution. For those unfamiliar, ChatGPT is a chatbot platform that uses the power of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to enable natural, human-like conversations with users. With ChatGPT, businesses and organizations can provide quick, accurate, and personalized responses to customer inquiries, improving the overall customer experience and streamlining operations.

In this article, we'll explore how ChatGPT is revolutionizing the world of NLP, and how it's being used by businesses and organizations across various industries. We'll also delve into the benefits and limitations of ChatGPT, and discuss its potential impact on the future of NLP.

Top 10 APIs for Natural Language Processing

Natural Language Processing, or NLP, is a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on how computers learn, analyze and understand human languages. NLP software can give applications the ability to understand nuances of human language, such as semantics, linguistics, and definitions of words and phrases.

Developers wishing to create applications that better understand humans need the proper Application Programming Interfaces, or APIs, to enhance their applications.