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Leveraging CPAN and Perl Modules in Your DevOps Projects

There is an old saying: "Don't reinvent the wheel". This saying is correct, and it is applicable in all areas of our life, including programming. The whole concept of DevOps is to utilize existing tools and resources, so you don’t have to spend hours creating new code from scratch. Due to the powerful benefits it provides, it shouldn’t be surprising that the global DevOps market was worth over $4.3 billion in 2020.

In this article, we will talk about how to optimize our time and our results by learning how to use the modules that are built into CPAN.

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The Reports of Perl’s Death Have Been Greatly Exaggerated

Look, I get it. You don't like the Perl programming language or have otherwise disregarded it as "dead." (Or perhaps you haven't, in which case please check out my other blog posts!) It has weird noisy syntax, mixing regular expressions, sigils on variable names, various braces and brackets for data structures, and a menagerie of cryptic special variables. It's old: 34 years in December, with a history of (sometimes amateur) developers that have used and abused that syntax to ship code of questionable quality. Maybe you grudgingly accept its utility but think it should die gracefully, maintained only to run legacy applications.

But you know what? Perl's still going. It's had a steady cadence of yearly releases for the past decade, introducing new features and fencing in bad behavior while maintaining an admirable level of backward compatibility. Yes, there was a too-long adventure developing what started as Perl 6, but that language now has its own identity as Raku and even has facilities for mixing Perl with its native code or vice versa.

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Everyone’s a (Perl) Critic, and You Can Be Too!

The perlcritic tool is often your first defense against "awkward, hard to read, error-prone, or unconventional constructs in your code," per its description. It's part of a class of programs historically known as linters, so-called because like a clothes dryer machine's lint trap, they "detect small errors with big effects." (Another such linter is perltidy, which I've referenced in the past.)

You can use perlcritic at the command line, integrated with your editor, as a git pre-commit hook, or (my preference) as part of your author tests. It's driven by policies, individual modules that check your code against a particular recommendation, many of them from Damian Conway's Perl Best Practices (2005). Those policies, in turn, are enabled by PPI, a library that transforms Perl code into documents that can be programmatically examined and manipulated much like the Document Object Model (DOM) is used to programmatically access web pages.

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A Good Old-Fashioned Perl Log Analyzer

A Good Old-Fashioned Perl Log Analyzer

A recent Lobsters post lauding the virtues of AWK reminded me that although the language is powerful and lightning-fast, I usually find myself exceeding its capabilities and reaching for Perl instead. One such application is analyzing voluminous log files such as the ones generated by this blog. Yes, WordPress has stats, but I've never let reinvention of the wheel get in the way of a good programming exercise.

So I whipped this script up on Sunday night while watching RuPaul's Drag Race reruns. It parses my Apache web server log files and reports on hits from week to week.

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Perl Can Escape the Lisp Curse

Ten years ago Rudolf Winestock wrote The Lisp Curse, an essay that "attempt[ed] to reconcile the power of the Lisp programming language with the inability of the Lisp community to reproduce their pre- AI Winter achievements."

His conclusion? The power and expressiveness of Lisp have conspired to keep its developers individually productive, but collectively unable to organize their work into complete, standardized, well-documented, ‑tested, and ‑maintained packages that they could coalesce into interoperable and widely-adopted solutions. Everything from object systems to types to asynchronous non-blocking programming and concurrency is up for grabs and has multiple competing implementations.

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A List of Perl List Processing Modules

As previously written, I like list processing. Many computing problems can be broken down into transforming and filtering lists, and Perl has got the fundamentals covered with functions like map, grep, and sort. There is so much more you might want to do, though, and CPAN has a plethora of list and array processing modules.

However, due to the vicissitudes of Perl module maintenance, we have a situation where it's not clear at a glance where to turn when you've got a list that needs processing. So here's another list: the list modules of CPAN. Click through to discover what functions they provide.