Distributed systems are ubiquitous today, powering everything from the internet and cloud computing to social networks, gaming, e-commerce, and streaming services. A distributed system comprises independent components in different locations that communicate to achieve a common goal. These components can be computers, servers, devices, sensors, etc., that process data and exchange messages. Distributed systems enable various services and tasks through improved scalability, availability, performance, and cost-effectiveness over centralized systems. However, they also introduce complexities that designers and developers must address. This article discusses distributed systems' basics, types, concepts, communication methods, challenges, and real-world examples that we encounter daily.
Basics of Distributed Systems
Before diving into distributed systems details, let's review key components and principles of it.