My name is Viacheslav Aksenov, I am a backend developer and in recent years I have been writing web applications in Java/Kotlin. Throughout my practice, I have met with various systems both in production and in pet projects. Some systems had their own "bicycles," but most were based on very similar technical solutions.
The main idea of this article is to describe the main technical challenges facing modern web applications. And also list those frameworks and libraries that are most often used to solve these problems. We'll grab some infrastructure as a bonus.