Product Launch Checklist: How to Launch a Product, According to Experts

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Like a tree falling in the woods, if you plan a product launch without spreading the word — will anyone use it? Will anyone even want it?

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These are the questions that sometimes keep me up at night. And truthfully, as much as I wish it wasn’t the case, if you fail to effectively spread the word about your product launch, it will most likely fail.

Whether you’re launching something huge, something small, or you’re updating a current offering, you’ll want to start your preparation well in advance of the launch date with a product launch checklist.

Because there are so many moving parts in this process, bringing your product to market can be intimidating and tricky. To help you, I've come up with a step-by-step checklist for a successful product launch and gathered the best product launch tips from a HubSpot Product Marketer.

Table of Contents

What is a product launch?

A product launch is the process of introducing a brand-new product or service to the world. It involves various marketing and promotional activities aimed at creating buzz and demand around your new offering. The ultimate goal is to get customers excited and eager to buy the new product.

Take it from me: Product launches require a lot of planning. You can’t just drop a new product out of the blue and expect everyone to buy in — well, unless you’re Beyoncé. Which is unfortunate because there’s only one Beyoncé. Instead, you’ll need a plan.

Lucas Botzen, CEO of Rivermate, says, “If you really want to launch the product, you must begin with in-depth market research, identify your target audience, and understand their needs. Next, make a comprehensive plan for the launch, which defines specific, measurable goals, a marketing strategy, and all the materials and resources required.”

During the launch, Botzen recommends reaching out to the audience via different channels, gathering feedback, and being responsive to any issues. Immediately after launch, measure results and identify key learnings, making further adjustments if necessary for continuous improvement, Botzen advises.

“Planning can take significant time, and if you’re like me and you’re not much of a planner, this can be a major bummer. Luckily, our product launch checklist can help ensure that all your t’s are crossed and i’s are dotted before your official launch date. Trust me: This checklist is a lifesaver!” Botzen says.

new product launch checklist

1. Learn about your customer.

Whether you call it “market research” or “customer development,” it's key to learn about what drives your target customer. In my experience, identifying their goals, motivations, and pain points could lead you to developing and marketing a valuable solution.

You don't need to perform years of intense research to learn about your customer. In fact, I suggest just talking to 12 to 15 current or prospective customers.

When speaking to them, pay extra attention when they start sentences with “I wish a product did this function…” or “Why can’t products do this?” When they give these statements, respond with questions that go deeper, like “Can you get more specific about that?"

If they don’t bring up any pain points, ask them a few specific questions that will encourage them to give deeper answers.

These conversations will give you a solid idea of what their biggest pain points are and how you can market a solution to them. Once you learn these key details about your customers, you can develop a buyer persona that your team can focus on serving.

2. Write a positioning statement.

When launching a new product, you must be able to clearly explain how it fills a need in the market. That’s where a positioning statement comes in.

It helps you communicate the unique value proposition and key benefits that differentiate your product from others.

I recommend writing out a statement that can clearly and concisely answer these three questions:

  • Who is the product for?
  • What does the product do?
  • Why is it different from other products out there?

If you'd like to go even deeper, create a statement that answers the following questions:

  • What is your target audience?
  • What segment of the target audience is most likely to buy the product?
  • What brand name will you give your product or service?
  • What product or service category does your product lie in?
  • How is it different from competitors in the same category?
  • What evidence or proof do you have to prove that your product is different?

Still need more guidance on how to write a positioning statement? Check out this template.

3. Pitch your positioning to stakeholders.

Once you've established your positioning statement, present it to stakeholders in your company so they are all on the same page. Call a meeting, send an email, or create a presentation to present.

But I should remind you, when doing this, you’ll want to emphasize how your new product aligns with your overall business strategy, customer needs, market trends, and revenue potential. Use concrete examples, stories, or data to make your pitch more persuasive.

I also suggest you think proactively about potential questions or objections they might have. Prepare thoughtful responses to address concerns around market viability, competition, target audience, or feasibility.

If your employees have a hard time buying into the product, your customers might as well. If your team loves it, that might be a great sign that the product launch will go well.

4. Develop product branding.

Take the information you gathered while conducting your market research and writing your positioning statement, and let it inspire you as you craft your product brand identity.

Creating a brand identity is my favorite part of a product launch. During this step, you’ll develop all the elements needed to create a consistent and memorable brand, including:

  • Product name, logo, and tagline.
  • Color palette, typography, and imagery.
  • Key brand, communications, and marketing guidelines.
  • Packaging.

Product branding is a little different than company branding because it focuses on creating a distinct identity for a specific product, rather than an entire organization. However, they are both still interconnected and should be aligned.

5. Plan your go-to-market strategy.

This is the strategy that you will use to launch and promote your product. While some businesses prefer to build a funnel strategy, others prefer the flywheel approach.

Regardless of which method you choose, this process contains many moving parts. To create an organized strategy for launching your product, I find it can be helpful to use a template, like this one.

As you create the strategy, I recommend you also start considering which type of content you’ll use to attract a prospective customer’s attention during the awareness, consideration, and purchase decision stages.

You'll need to produce this content in a following step.

6. Set a goal for the launch.

Before you get started on implementing your strategy, make sure you write down your goals for the launch.

Alex Girard, a Product Marketing Manager at HubSpot, says, “Create specific goals for the launch’s success. Keeping these goals in mind will help you focus your efforts on launch tactics that will help you achieve those goals.”

For example, the goals of your product launch could be to effectively establish a new product name, build awareness, or create sales opportunities.

I think one of the best ways to set goals for your launch team is to write them out like SMART goals. A SMART goal is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound. I like SMART goals because they’re easy to track and modify.

Once you have your goals in mind, you can start thinking about what KPIs you want to track, such as:

  • Sales revenue.
  • Units sold.
  • Customer acquisition.
  • Conversion rate.
  • Website traffic and engagement.
  • Social media engagement.

Identifying these metrics ahead of time will make it easier to assess whether or not you met your goals after the product is launched.

7. Create promotional content.

After planning out your go-to-market strategy and writing your SMART goals, start producing content that will support and align with those promotional efforts.

In my experience, this can include:

Our go-to-market template will also help you determine which content you should create for each phase of your prospective customer’s buyer’s journey.

Or, you can also use HubSpot’s Start Customer Platform. In this platform, you can easily create everything you’ll need for a successful launch, all while nurturing customer relationships and tracking analytics.

8. Test and gather feedback.

Before you officially launch your new product, I think it’s important to test it out to ensure your final product is the best it can be.

By testing the product in different scenarios with real users, potential bugs, usability problems, or functional issues can be discovered and resolved early on.

Fixing these problems before launching your product ensures a smoother user experience and helps maintain customer satisfaction — an invaluable step, in my opinion.

Gathering feedback from users also allows for product improvement. By listening to the opinions, suggestions, and criticisms of users, you can gain insight into what features are working well and which ones need improvement.

I’ve found this feedback-driven approach can help you make informed decisions on enhancing the product's functionality, usability, and performance.

9. Set up distribution channels.

Before you officially launch, you’ll need to set up your distribution channels.

This step is important because it determines how and where customers can purchase your product, be it online platforms, brick-and-mortar stores, or other distribution partners.

In my experience, well-planned distribution channels help accelerate the product's time to market. By proactively setting up channels ahead of the launch, you can quickly distribute the product once it becomes available, minimizing delays and maximizing opportunities to capture early adopters and gain market share.

If you can successfully position your product in prominent retail locations or online marketplaces, it increases visibility and boosts your chances of capturing customer attention and outperforming competitors.

Another benefit I’ve found, it also provides a foundation for future growth and scalability. As your business expands and introduces new products, you can leverage existing channel relationships and infrastructure to efficiently launch and distribute new offerings.

10. Prepare your team.

Be sure that your company and key stakeholders are ready for you to launch and begin marketing the product. In my opinion, it’s helpful to include them at the beginning of your product launch.

Before the big launch day, consider doing the following:

  • Offer your team early access to the product so they can familiarize themselves with it firsthand.
  • Provide training sessions to help your team understand the product inside and out.
  • Develop sales enablement materials such as presentations, product sheets, FAQs, and objection handling guides.
  • Conduct role-playing exercises to simulate real customer scenarios with the product.

During this process, I think it’s essential that all stakeholders are on the same page. Communicate with the company through internal presentations, Slack, or email to keep your company updated on your launch plan.

11. Launch the product.

Once you've completed all the above steps, you can launch the product. Here are some last-minute things I suggest you check over on launch day:

  • Double-check all the necessary details, materials, and arrangements to ensure that everything is ready and working correctly.
  • Conduct a brief team meeting to align everyone and address any last-minute questions or concerns.
  • Keep an eye on social media channels to gauge customer reactions, respond to inquiries, and engage with potential customers.
  • Ensure that your website and any systems related to the product launch, such as landing pages or checkout processes, are functioning smoothly.

Most importantly, you should take the time to celebrate the launch and the efforts of your team. This can be in the form of a team lunch, virtual celebration, or any other creative way to acknowledge everyone’s hard work.

12. See how well you did in achieving your goals.

After you launch your product, track how the go-to-market strategy is performing. Be prepared to pivot or adjust aspects of your plan if they aren't going smoothly.

Additionally, don't forget about the goals you set before the launch. I recommend taking the time to review the KPI targets you set ahead of the launch and assess how well you did in achieving those goals.

For instance, did you exceed your sales projections, or did you fall short? If the launch didn't meet expectations, you can rethink your go-to-market strategy and adjust from there.

Stages of a Product Launch

I’m not trying to scare you, but a staggering number of businesses experience a failed product launch each year.

The failure likely isn’t related to the product itself falling flat (although that can happen). It’s more likely that the business did not follow a strict launch strategy or conduct proper market research before putting their product up for sale.

Before you plan for your product launch, follow this quick guide to ensure you set your product up for maximum success (meaning, sales!).

1. Determining Customer Needs

I know this likely goes without saying, but your product should be a benefit to your customer, not a hindrance.

In my opinion, there is nothing worse than trying to use a product that doesn’t actually do what I need to do.

If your product is cumbersome to use or doesn’t actually solve a problem, your audience will likely not see the benefit and will forgo making a purchase.

My suggestion is to take some time to dig deep into your customers’ needs. A solid understanding of your customers’ pain points can help you craft a better product.

If you’re unsure of their current pain points, just ask them. A well-crafted survey can help you uncover their wants, wishes, and needs.

Plus, this survey can help you understand why your customers will or will not buy your product, which can help you determine your market positioning and a promotional strategy. You can also use your CRM to collect this data.

2. Looking at Competition

Remember how your teachers would tell you to “keep your eyes on your own paper?” As a former teacher, I’m guilty of saying those exact words.

But when it comes to a product launch, forget everything your teachers told you. It’s okay to take a look at your competitors.

In fact, it’s expected, and it’s one of the best ways to understand the advantages and disadvantages of a competing brand.

Eyeing your competitors can help you create a plan to set your product apart from the competition. By doing a deep dive into your competitors, you should be able to determine a better marketing strategy and how to position your product as the solution to customer needs compared to other brands.

3. Creating, Testing, and Refining a Prototype

Hopefully, you have a few key audience members on standby that you can bounce ideas off of. Using their expertise, create a prototype of your product and ask them to beta test it.

Take it from Oindrila Mandal, a senior game product manager at Electronic Arts. says, Mandal notes that, in the video game industry, phases of launch could start with a limited beta test.

Here “marketing efforts try to reach a specific segment of potentially highly engaged customers or ‘power users’ and ask them to sign up for the product as an exclusive preview. The product launched in this stage is largely still under testing, may have limited functionality, and will probably undergo changes based on the user feedback,” Mandal says.

Regardless of your industry, a beta test is an excellent idea. Using your beta testers’ notes and feedback, you can implement their suggestions to work out any bumps in your prototype or add a new suggested feature.

Your beta testers’ feedback is invaluable and an important part of a successful product launch. Don’t skip this step!

4. Determining Numbers

Before you spend more time and money creating and launching your product, it’s not a bad idea to crunch the numbers. Spend some time looking at factors like your profit margins, your product’s performance, and potential sales volume.

Doing so will help you create a baseline for needed conversions and sales.

And, running the numbers can give you insight into whether or not your product launch is worth the time and effort.

If your needed conversations and sales feels like an impossible task, it’s okay to scrap your plan, make some tweaks, and try again.

5. Building Pre- and Post-Launch Marketing Plan

A successful launch requires a good bit of pre-marketing and planning. You’ll need the help of those within your circle to help generate buzz about your product.

You might enlist the help of a PR agency or create partnerships with influencers within your niche. Take some time to brainstorm the best course of action. This will help you achieve a better launch.

6. Checking supply chain.

One of the reasons product launches fail is not because of an awful product, but because there is not enough of it to meet demand. Double check with your suppliers and vendors to ensure you have enough product for a successful launch.

You’ll also want to nail down a plan for scaling your product, if the demand exceeds your expectations.

7. Launching your product.

Launching your product is the most exciting stage of the product launch. This is when you’re finally able to show your hard work to your audience, and, hopefully, make a sale.

I’ll talk more about the how-tos of a successful product launch later in this post.

Keep reading!

8. Ask for and analyze feedback post-launch.

The public’s perception of your product is a big indicator of its success. Their feedback is valuable and can help you better understand what went right in your launch or which aspects failed.

Now that we know the stages of a product launch, let’s take a look at how to launch a product.

How to Launch a Product With Data and Expert Insight

Now that you know all the details that go into launching a product, we need to talk about how to *actually* launch it, from setting your launch date to releasing your product into the wild and anticipating orders from your loyal client base.

Lindsay Wyskowski, brand strategy director at Identity PR says, “You only get one bite of the apple, which really translates to getting the launch right because you only get one chance. All of the parts and pieces need to align appropriately, with everyone involved on the same page following the same plan, so the product launch can really be a milestone moment for the company.”

If you’re ready to come up with your own product launch plan to get that milestone moment for your business, follow these steps.

1. Set a date for your launch.

The first thing you need to do is pick a date for your launch. Whichever day you choose, be sure to give yourself plenty of time to get all the things you need to do done. Realistically, you’ll need to set your launch date out several weeks, or even months.

Bernardo Castro, backend developer and founder of Bybrand, tells me his company usually takes three months to launch a product.

Bernardo says, “The first month is about planning. What platforms are we going to use? Will it be available all at once or staggered? What is our sales objective for the first week? The second month is about polishing the product (the software, in our case) and creating marketing content. The last month is about teasing the launch, determining the launch date, and rolling out our marketing campaign.”

With his advice in mind, you’ll need time to:

  • Craft marketing copy for emails and social media.
  • Create a landing page for your product.
  • Ensure your product’s bugs and kinks are worked out.
  • Drum up some customer hype.
  • Work out logistics.

If you’re like me, you’ll likely find picking a date and working backward to be helpful. This means once you have a good date in mind, you can mark off the weeks with deadlines detailing when and how to accomplish your pre-launch tasks.

2. Choose your marketing channels.

Where you market your product matters. It matters because if your audience is not hanging out on the platforms you’ve chosen, you’re essentially yelling into the wind.

Take some time to figure out which channels are your best marketing channels. Do your customers:

  • Read and respond to emails or SMS messages?
  • Are they active on specific social media platforms?
  • Are they easily influenced by social media influencers?

The answers to these questions will help you determine your best plan of marketing action. And remember, 88% of people are likely to trust a recommendation from people they know and trust, so word-of-mouth marketing shouldn’t be off the table.

Don’t forget, you can market your product on multiple channels. So, while one marketing platform might not be the most effective, in my opinion, it’s not a bad idea to give it a try to reach all of your customers.

3. Develop your messaging and marketing materials.

You can’t have a successful product launch without compelling marketing materials. Your marketing materials will help draw in your audience, explain the benefits and usefulness of your product, and showcase your brand’s voice and message.

These materials include:

  • Landing pages.
  • Blog posts.
  • Paid advertisements.
  • Emails.
  • SMS messages.
  • Short-form video.
  • Long-form video.

Speaking of your brand’s voice and message, though, you’ll also want to pinpoint exactly the tone you want your marketing materials to set. Ask yourself:

  • How do you want to present your product?
  • Do you want your brand to be helpful? Direct and to the point? Humorous? Optimistic?

The answer to those questions will help determine your tone of voice, which will guide you and your marketing team’s copywriting and content efforts. You can also look to your target audience, too, to help you determine your tone of voice.

Which attitude do they best respond to?

4. Create some buzz around your product.

Once your promotional materials are ready to go, it's time to start promoting your product and its launch! Ideally, you’ll want to start promoting your product about six or eight weeks before the launch date.

In my experience, this will give you plenty of time to generate interest among your target audience, without shocking them with a surprise launch that could fall flat.

Take a look at your launch date and then count back six to eight weeks. Whichever day that falls on should be the start of your marketing campaign.

Since 80% of social media marketers say they think customers will buy products directly in social apps, don’t discount the power of social selling and promotional social media posts.

You can use social media scheduling tools to help you schedule your posts ahead of time. Or, create a content calendar detailing your posting schedule to share with your team.

To create even more buzz and better market your product, consider:

  • Hosting an exclusive pre-sale for select target audience members.
  • Creating a limited edition of your product.
  • Hosting a launch party, either in-person or online.
  • Giving early access to influencers to help promote and market your product to their audiences.

Above all, I recommend using your six to eight weeks of promotional time wisely. When done right, this time will pay off in dividends.

5. Launch your product.

On launch day, it’s officially time to release your product to the public and make some hard-earned sales! Use your preferred marketing channels to announce your product launch to your audience.

Pro tip: Don’t forget to include a link to make a purchase!

6. Track the results.

You’ll have a good indication of how well your launch performed based on sales.

However, it’s a good idea to dig into your marketing channels’ analytics to get a better idea of what worked and what didn’t.

Keep an eye on your:

  • Open rates for both emails and SMS.
  • Click-through rates.
  • Social media engagement data.

While you can’t go back and change your past marketing strategy, tracking your results can help you plan for a better launch the next time.

Plus, you can make changes to your strategy in real-time, like reviewing your open rates and editing email subject lines for a better chance at your audience opening them before you send follow-up emails.

And remember, 47% of email recipients open an email based on the subject line alone, so you really need to nail it to increase those open rates!

How to Launch a Product Online

To launch your product online, you’ll want to ensure you’ve followed the steps above. However, there are a few additional steps you'll want to follow to gain traction primarily online.

1. Figure out the story you want to tell regarding your product's bigger purpose.

What story do you want to tell across social platforms, landing pages, and email? This is similar to your positioning statement but needs to be geared entirely toward your target audience. Ask questions like:

  • Why should they purchase your product?
  • How will your product or service make their lives better?

Remember how I said it’s important to get your team and stakeholders involved before you start? Communicating cross-functionally ensures the communication materials you use across various online channels align — which is key when it comes to establishing a new product in the marketplace.

Consider, for instance, how Living Proof announced its new product, Advanced Clean Dry Shampoo, on its Instagram page. The story revolves around a simple nuisance common with most other dry shampoos — How consumers still want that just-washed feeling, even when using a dry shampoo.

Living Proof's new Instagram post, highlighting its new product launch

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I like how Living Proof builds excitement and demand for its new product by focusing on how the product will benefit consumers through storytelling, and using a new hashtag #NoWastedWashes.

2. Display customer testimonials, case studies, and other social evidence to positively frame your new product.

Consumers want to see that other consumers have already taken the risk and purchased your new product before doing it themselves.

I’m guilty of spending hours researching what others say about a product before I finally take the plunge. And because I’m not alone in this, this is where social proof comes into play.

In the weeks leading up to a product launch, or shortly after its launch, begin posting customer testimonials, reviews, and case studies to showcase how your new product has already helped other people.

Take this a step further and employ influencers to share the word about your product as well, if it’s a good fit for your brand.

Consumers are smart enough to know they shouldn't trust every advertisement they see — but they can trust fellow consumers. So leverage that trust through social proof methods.

3. Create a social and email campaign.

Create a full, comprehensive social media campaign to increase interest and awareness of your new product.

I advise using paid advertising to reach new audiences, creating full product explainer videos to use across your social channels, and using email to reach existing customers and provide an exclusive first look at your new product's features.

Since 73% of consumers prefer to watch a short-form video to learn about a product or service, I highly recommend you keep that in mind when creating your video content.

Additionally, you might consider hosting a live stream to connect directly with prospects and existing customers and invite experts from your product development team to explain the new features of your product.

It’s important to note — in this stage, you’ll want to pay attention to how consumers are interacting with the communication materials regarding your new product.

Share concerns and feedback with the product development team — it’s important to trust your consumers and use their feedback to strengthen your product.

4. Have a pre-order option.

If a consumer is excited to purchase your new product, don’t make them wait — provide an option to pre-order the product or service before it’s even available.

This helps spread out demand while enabling consumers to purchase the product whenever they’re feeling most inclined to do so.

The cost of launching a new product varies significantly.

For instance, an entrepreneur will see vastly different costs for launching a product on Amazon than an enterprise company might see for launching a product in a million-dollar market.

I’ll share two examples to explore this more closely.

Entrepreneur Product Launch Example

In the first example, let’s say you’re an entrepreneur who has invented a design app you’re hoping to sell online.

You might conduct market research to determine which marketing strategies work best for your goals, which messaging resonates best with your audience, and which design elements appeal to your desired prospects.

If you use a few focus groups to determine these answers, you might expect to spend roughly $5,000.

When you’re bringing a new app to the market, you’ll need to choose the best go-to marketing strategy for your needs. Regardless of the strategy you choose, they all cost money.

For instance, product branding could cost roughly $1,000 if you’re paying a designer to help you out, and website design could cost anywhere from $500-$3,000 if you’re paying a web designer a one-off fee.

These fees don’t include the cost you need to pay yourself and any employees if this is a full-time job. It also doesn’t include the costs of hiring an engineer to update the app’s features and ensure the app is running smoothly.

With this simplified example, you’re looking at roughly $8,000. Of course, you can cut some costs if you choose to do any of these tasks yourself, but you might risk creating a subpar customer experience.

Enterprise Product Launch Example

On the other end of the spectrum, let’s consider a large enterprise company that is launching a new product. Here, you’ll likely pay upwards of $30,000–$50,000 for market research.

Perhaps you'll spend $15,000 on brand positioning and the marketing materials necessary to differentiate yourself against competitors, and you might pay upwards of $30,000 for all the product design and brand packaging.

Finally, your marketing team could need a budget of roughly $20,000 for SEO, paid advertising, social, content creation, etc.

All said and done, launching a product against other enterprise competitors could cost roughly $125,000. Again, that doesn’t include the costs you'll pay your marketing, product development, and engineering teams.

Product Launch Best Practices by Industry

How to Launch a Digital Product

When launching a digital product, you’ll want to begin building anticipation with a strong content marketing strategy.

Use blog posts, email marketing, social media, and other channels of distribution to increase interest and demand for your digital product.

I also suggest you ensure you’re leveraging lead generation strategies to reach existing customers and prospects.

For instance, let’s say you’re launching an online course on SEO. In the weeks leading up to the launch, you might create SEO-related blog content to send to your email subscribers with an option to join the SEO course’s waitlist.

This helps you gauge the effectiveness of your marketing materials while reaching an audience that has already demonstrated interest in your brand.

How to Launch a Product on Amazon

Anyone who’s ever shopped on Amazon knows the importance of a good product listing. In the weeks leading up to launch, take the time to create a strong, high-converting product listing.

This includes taking high-resolution photos of your product, writing a description that outlines your product’s differentiating features, and using keywords to help your product rank on Amazon.

Additionally, product reviews are incredibly important on Amazon, so I recommend having reviews ready to go before you even launch your product on Amazon.

To do this, ensure you’ve either launched your product on your own website first (which gives you time to earn reviews before launching on Amazon).

You can also send your product to a select group of interested buyers ahead of the full launch and collect reviews from them.

Finally, ensure you’re ready for an Amazon product launch by checking inventory.

You never know how quickly your product might gain traction on the ecommerce superstore, so make sure you have enough products to fulfill Amazon orders quickly.

Pro tip: Take a look at HubSpot's The Ultimate Guide to Selling on Amazon for more information related to Amazon.

How to Launch a SaaS Product

To launch a SaaS product, you’ll want to start by researching competitors and understanding the marketplace at large. There’s plenty of demand for SaaS products, as the industry is expected to grow by more than 16% by 2026.

However, the SaaS industry is also well-saturated, so before launching a SaaS product, I highly recommend you determine how your product differs from all the others in the industry.

To create a successful product launch, you’ll want to conduct market research and focus groups to determine the true benefits and differentiators of your product.

Next, I suggest employing a strong content marketing strategy to increase your website’s visibility on search engines and to ensure your business is appearing in search results for topics related to your product.

Since you aren’t launching a physical product, your marketing efforts need to convince businesses that your product can solve their needs. Additionally, you might want to offer free trials or a freemium option for smaller businesses on lower budgets to test out your offerings before committing.

Pro tip: For a full SaaS rundown, take a look at HubSpot's Ultimate Guide to Software as a Service (SaaS).

How to Launch a Food Product

To launch a food product, you’ll first need to ensure you’re prepared for the costs required to do so.

This includes how much it costs to package and store the product (including packaging, warehousing, and distribution) and how much it costs to sell the product (including branding and digital marketing).

Next, you’ll want to follow federal and state food regulations. For instance, you need to ensure you’re following health department rules for food preparation surfaces, refrigeration, and sanitation.

You’ll also need to make sure the labeling you use on your product’s packaging is accurate, which requires you to send your food product to a lab for analysis and check with your state commerce to see what it requires for nutrition labels.

When launching a food product, I think it’s a good idea to hire a food broker. A food broker can foster relationships with national or local grocery stores and will create a promotional plan to help increase sales when your food hits the shelves.

Typically, a supermarket will test out your product for a few months before determining if there's enough consumer interest to keep it stocked — which is why a food broker can be incredibly useful for using business intelligence and industry knowledge to ensure a successful food product launch.

1. Calm

product launch example: calm

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Originating in 2011 as a website called donothingfor2minutes.com, Calm is a mobile app that provides various resources and tools for meditation, sleep, relaxation, and mindfulness. Although Headspace was the leading meditation app at the time of its launch, it didn’t take long for Calm to dominate the market.

Calm found success largely because of its content marketing and SEO strategy. According to Foundation’s research, Calm has attracted over 8 million backlinks and uses blog content and YouTube content to organically attract and engage prospects.

The company also partners with celebrities to create unique content and engaging ad campaigns. Some of Calm’s most famous collaborators include Lebron James, Harry Styles, Matthew McConaughey, and Camila Cabello.

Calm’s celebrity partnerships have given them a leg up compared to their competitors. Not only their celebrity-read Sleep Stories garner millions of views, but they also boost the brand’s visibility and authority.

2. Poppi

product launch example: poppi

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Poppi is a “prebiotic soda,” which is a beverage that combines the fizziness and taste of a traditional soda with fruit juice, prebiotics, and apple cider vinegar. It comes in flavors such as Classic Cola, Root Beer, Orange, and Cherry Limeade.

Initially called “Mother Beverage,” Poppi was originally created when co-founder Allison Ellsworth wanted to create a drink that was both healthy and tasted good.

Not only does Poppi stand out from other beverages because of its health benefits, it also has a unique and colorful brand personality that attracts customers.

According to Ellsworth, “We had this really fun and vibrant brand and a product that people could relate to. People love it and it was created with ingredients that people knew to be effective and beneficial to their body.”

Poppi was originally slated for a retail launch in March of 2020. However, those plans changed due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Fortunately, they were able to pivot to launch as a DTC product, selling on Amazon and other ecommerce platforms. Additionally, they used this opportunity to invest in social media marketing on Instagram and TikTok, where they gained popularity amongst Gen Z consumers.

3. HubSpot Operations Hub

product launch example: operations hub

In 2021, HubSpot launched Operations Hub as part of its CRM platform. The product is designed to help businesses streamline their operational processes, improve data quality and accuracy, and enable cross-team collaboration. This allows businesses to run more smoothly and scale more effectively.

One of the reasons why this launch was successful was because it solved a problem that many customers faced.

According to HubSpot’s research, “over 60% of operations professionals have to do duplicative work because of a lack of alignment between teams.” This happens because operations professionals get hired into separate departments and get siloed and overwhelmed with tasks as their companies scale.

In response, HubSpot introduced Operations Hub so operations employees could work together out of a shared system and remove friction from their day-to-day workflows.

4. Goodles

product launch example: goodles

Image Source

Goodles is a noodle brand that takes boxed mac-and-cheese to the next level. This product differentiates itself by providing more nutritional value than the standard dry noodles, with 10g of protein and 7g of fiber with prebiotics in every serving.

“The pasta aisle is overflowing with golden, al dente pasta options that provide very little nutrition. There's also an ‘alt-pasta’ section with green, brown, orange, mushy, foamy noodles that offer more nutrition but little ‘yum,’” co-founder and CEO Jen Zeszut said in a press release. “Why should you have to choose between taste and nutrition?”

Aside from its positioning as a delicious and nutritious alternative to boxed mac-and-cheese, Goodles also stands out with its vibrant and fun branding.

While other noodle brands have neutral-colored packaging, Goodles uses a bold color palette, a nostalgic typeface, and cheeky product names, like Shella Good and Here Comes Truffle, to attract consumers in the grocery aisle.

Product Launch Tips

To learn the best practices for a successful product launch, I talked to Alex Girard again.

The HubSpot Product Marketing Manager said he had three main tips for a successful product launch:

  • Your product positioning should reflect a shift you're seeing in the world, and how your product helps your customers take advantage of that shift.
  • Create a recurring schedule for you and the core stakeholders for the launch to check in and ensure you're all on the same page.
  • Make sure you keep the product team in the loop on your marketing plans. The product team could have insights that inform your overall marketing campaign.

However, sometimes, external factors might impact your ability to launch a product. When that happens, you might need to delay your launch.

How to Know When to Delay a Product Launch

To understand when and why, you might hold off on a product launch, Girard told me there are three key reasons why you might want to delay a product launch, including:

  • When your product itself isn't ready and you need to change your timeline to create the best customer experience possible.
  • If a situation occurs where your current customers are having a less-than-optimal experience with one of your current products. Before launching and promoting a new product, you should make sure your current customers are satisfied with your existing product offering.
  • If something occurs on an international, national, state, or local level that requires your audience to readjust their priorities and shift focus away from your company and its product launch. Make sure that when the time comes to launch, your target audience is ready to learn about your new product.

Launching the Right Way

In my experience, a product launch involves a lot of moving parts and collaboration with a lot of people.

I’ve learned that I must keep my eye on my product, the stakeholders, our target audience, and our marketing materials to ensure a smooth and successful launch.

If you‘re looking for templates to coordinate your team efforts and align your company around your new product’s messaging, download our free product marketing kit below.

Editor's note: This post was originally published in November 2015 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

20+ Best Modern & Old Newspaper Fonts

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Fonts inspired by newspaper typography offer a unique blend of nostalgia and authority. If you’re looking for such a font for your project, this collection is perfect for you.

Old newspaper fonts can evoke the golden age of print media, with its bold headlines and crisp columns, or they can bring a contemporary edge to your layouts with a clean, structured look. Whether you’re designing a magazine, a website, or any project that needs a touch of editorial flair, the right newspaper font can set the perfect tone.

In this post, we explore a range of fonts that draw from both the past and present, offering you the flexibility to create designs that are both timeless and on-trend. From sharp serifs reminiscent of historic broadsheets to modern interpretations with a minimalist twist, our selection is designed to help you make a bold statement with your typography.

Ventella – Modern Newspaper Font

Ventella - Modern Newspaper Font

Ventella is a modern, minimalist serif typeface, perfect for projects that require an elegant and clean aesthetic. Its uppercase and lowercase letters, stylistic alternates, numerals, punctuation, and 89 unique ligatures, provide a comprehensive toolkit for all types of designers. Ideal for logos, headers, quotes, and more, Ventella’s legibility makes it a standout choice for both large display and small body text.

Unblocker – Newspaper Headline Font

Unblocker - Newspaper Headline Font

Unblocker is a sophisticated, dynamic typeface that’s perfect for eye-catching headlines, titles, or banners. This font radiates a confident personality, deftly balancing boldness with finesse. Unblocker goes beyond just striking design, offering functionality with uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, punctuations, and multilingual support.

News of the World – Newspaper Font

News of the World - Newspaper Font

News of the World is a bold, commanding newspaper font that seems plucked straight from a sports blog or magazine. Its wide display garners attention while its four distinct styles offer versatility. Opt for Regular in all caps for vibrant headlines or go for wide italics for a standout company logo. A splendid substitute for Impact, give this font a spin.

Washington – Classic Newspaper Font

Washington - Classic Newspaper Font

Washington is a versatile Serif Font that enhances readability and transforms headlines into attention-grabbing statements. Its heavier weights are perfect for adding depth to subtext applications. Ideal for a wide range of uses; from logo creation, posters, cover designing, to printing on t-shirts, business cards, and even wedding cards.

Bygonest – Typewriter Newspaper Font

Bygonest - Typewriter Newspaper Font

Check out Bygonest, a unique typewriter-inspired newspaper font. It boasts two distinctive styles (clean and rustic), three weights (thin, regular, and bold), and alternate stamp texture sets for interesting variety. Its splash of rustic detail on glyph characters adds a characteristic charm. It’s versatile and perfect for various designs including newspapers, magazines, quotes, and more.

Wilson Wells – Blackletter Newspaper Font

Wilson Wells - Blackletter Newspaper Font

Experience the distinct blend of modern and gothic aesthetics with the Wilson Wells font. This unique typeface works perfectly for headlines, posters, t-shirts, and even tattoos. It features uppercase and lowercase letters, ligatures, and stylistic alternatives, placing versatility at your fingertips.

Mencary – Old Typewriter Font

Mencary - Old Typewriter Font

Mencary is a dual-style font package, offering both clean and roughened versions to evoke the nostalgia of vintage writing machines. Its versatility makes Mencary ideal for a myriad of creative projects including logos, labels, stationery, display, and magazine projects. The font includes multilingual characters, making it a highly inclusive choice.

Mondia – Modern Newspaper Font

Mondia - Modern Newspaper Font

Mondia is a modern, sophisticated serif font family boasting 18 unique fonts, from thin to fat, with corresponding italics. The design merges traditional and contemporary themes and is enhanced by a high contrast character ratio and a high x-height for superior legibility. With OpenType features including stylistic alternates, ligatures, oldstyle figures, and localized letters, Mondia is a versatile option, perfect for headlines, branding, and more.

San De More – Elegant Newspaper Font

San De More - Elegant Newspaper Font

San De More is an elegant, variable family serif font designed to add a touch of class to your creative projects. With a summer-themed design, it stands out in your designs, perfect for bringing a new life to your creations. Its versatility is highlighted in the 5-weight italics style, letting you mix and match without fear of design collision.

Swantay – Modern Newspaper Font

Swantay - Modern Newspaper Font

Swantay, a modern newspaper-style sans font, is perfect for various purposes such as headlines, logos, quotes, and advertisements. It supports multiple languages and comes in TTF, OTF, and WOFF formats. This versatile typeface offers both uppercase, lowercase, numerals, punctuations, ligatures, and alternate options.

Mess in Keytic – Typewriter Old Newspaper Font

Mess in Keytic - Typewriter Newspaper Font

Mess in Keytic is a classic typewriter-inspired font that offers a unique blend of the old and new. This versatile font can be used for crafting text, titles, or paragraph headings, and is especially suitable for magazine covers and newspaper headlines. Available in .otf, .ttf, .woff, and .woff2 formats, it’s a great addition to any creative toolkit.

Newspaper Cutboy – Color Font

Newspaper Cutboy - Color Font

Newspaper Cutboy is a unique sans serif typeface reminiscent of newspaper cut letters. With four distinct alternates for each of the 26 letters, plus question and exclamation marks, this font is versatile and perfect for crafting punchy short titles. It’s beautifully contrasting against both dark and light backgrounds.

Robinson Press – Vintage Newspaper Font

Robinson Press - Vintage Newspaper Font

Robinson Press is a striking typography choice that embodies the aesthetic of traditional newspaper headlines. Specifically designed to harmonize bold titles with smaller texts, it’s exceptional for magazine layouts and poster designs. A distinct feature of this version is its unique horizontal texture, adding an extra touch of vintage appeal.

Indent – Formal Newspaper Font

Indent - Formal Newspaper Font

Indent is a formal newspaper font that exudes professionalism thanks to its minimalist style. This simple, all-caps typeface is versatile, fitting seamlessly on magazine titles, office work, banners, or even large-scale art pieces. The zip file comes with Indent in OTF, TTF, WOFF, and WOFF2 formats. Explore the clean, elegant charm of Indent for your next design project.

Firecracker – Vintage Newspaper Font

Firecracker - Vintage Newspaper Font

Take your project on a nostalgic journey to the dynamism of the 1950s and 1960s with Firecracker, a vintage newspaper font. Available in regular and oblique styles, the font’s exceptional letters are capable of breathing a timeless, retro flair into various mediums such as magazines, packaging, signage, and branding.

Retroma Vibes – Mixed Newspaper Font

Retroma Vibes - Mixed Newspaper Font

Retroma Vibes is a bold and creative mixed font that draws its inspiration from retro collage art and clippings from old newspapers. Offering a unique blend of sans serif, blackletter, handwriting, condensed serif, and old typewriter styles, it enables you to design in a distinctive collage style. Boasting uppercase, lowercase, alternate characters, plus numbers and punctuation, it offers multilingual support for versatile usage.

Macaw – Serif Newspaper Font

Macaw - Serif Newspaper Font

Macaw is a modern serif font inspired by classical typography and early 20th-century Italian newspapers. Perfect for a range of editorial needs, from corporate identity to web design, Macaw offers four versatile weights – Light, Regular, Medium, and Bold, all with corresponding italics. Delicate in its lighter forms, it builds to a distinctive, strong emphasis in its boldest weight. With multilingual support, it brings a unique fluidity to any project.

Free Newspaper Fonts

PP Nikkei – Free Newspaper Headline Font

The thick, bold letter design gives this font a very unique look and feel. It’s perfect for crafting attention-grabbing newspaper-style titles for your designs. The font is free to use with your personal projects.

Recia – Free Modern Newspaper Font

Recia is another free newspaper-style font that comes with a classic serif letter design. This font is ideal for crafting modern newspaper headlines and titles with a classic touch. It’s free to use with personal and commercial projects.

Magyar Nemzet – Free Newspaper Headline Font

This font features a narrow serif letter design that comes with a professional look and feel. It’s ideal for crafting newspaper-style headings and titles for your modern design projects. It’s free to use with commercial projects.

Ledger – Free Old Newspaper Font

Ledger is another free newspaper font that you can use freely with all kinds of design projects. It has an old-school serif letter design featuring clean strokes and a bold look. It’s perfect for both modern and vintage-themed designs.

Özgür Gündem – Free Newspaper Font

This free newspaper font comes with a letter design inspired by a Kurdish newspaper. It features a classic look and feel mixed with a sophisticated vibe. The font is free to use with personal and commercial projects.

Enhancing RAG Functionalities using Tools and Agents in LangChain

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Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) allows large language models (LLMs) to answer queries related to the data the models have not seen during training. In my previous article, I explained how to develop RAG systems using the Claude 3.5 Sonnet model.

However, RAG systems only answer queries about the data stored in the vector database. For example, you have a RAG system that answers queries related to financial documents in your database. If you ask it to search the internet for some information, it will not be able to do so.

This is where tools and agents come into play. Tools and agents enable LLMs to retrieve information from various external sources such as the internet, Wikipedia, YouTube, or virtually any Python method implemented as a tool in LangChain.

This article will show you how to enhance the functionalities of your RAG systems using tools and agents in the Python LangChain framework.

So, let's begin without an ado.

Installing and Importing Required Libraries

The following script installs the required libraries, including the Python LangChain framework and its associated modules and the OpenAI client.



!pip install -U langchain
!pip install langchain-core
!pip install langchainhub
!pip install -qU langchain-openai
!pip install pypdf
!pip install faiss-cpu
!pip install --upgrade --quiet  wikipedia
Requirement already satisfied: langchain in c:\us

The script below imports the required libraries into your Python application.


from langchain.tools import WikipediaQueryRun
from langchain_community.utilities import WikipediaAPIWrapper
from langchain.tools.retriever import create_retriever_tool
from langchain.agents import AgentExecutor, create_tool_calling_agent
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI, OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain_community.chat_message_histories import ChatMessageHistory
from langchain_core.runnables.history import RunnableWithMessageHistory
from langchain_core.tools import tool
from langchain import hub
import os

from langchain_community.document_loaders import PyPDFLoader
from langchain.text_splitter import RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter
from langchain_community.vectorstores import FAISS
Enhancing RAG with Tools and Agents

To enhance RAG using tools and agents in LangChain, follow the following steps.

  1. Import or create tools you want to use with RAG.
  2. Create a retrieval tool for RAG.
  3. Add retrieval and other tools to an agent.
  4. Create an agent executor that invokes agents' calls.

The benefit of agents over chains is that agents decide at runtime which tool to use to answer user queries.

This article will enhance the RAG model's performance using the Wikipedia tool. We will create a LangChain agent with a RAG tool capable of answering questions from a document containing information about the British parliamentary system. We will incorporate the Wikipedia tool into the agent to enhance its functionality.

If a user asks a question about the British parliament, the agent will call the RAG tool to answer it. In case of any other query, the agent will use the Wikipedia tool to search for answers on Wikipedia.

Let's implement this model step by step.

Importing Wikipedia Tool

The following script imports the built-in Wikipedia tool from the LangChain module. To retrieve Wikipedia pages, pass your query to the run() method.


wikipedia_tool = WikipediaQueryRun(api_wrapper=WikipediaAPIWrapper())
response = wikipedia_tool.run("What are large language models?")
print(response)

Output:

image1.png

To add the above tool to an agent, you must define a function using the @tool decorator. Inside the method, you simply call the run() method as you previously did and return the response.


@tool
def WikipediaSearch(search_term: str):

    """
    Use this tool to search for wikipedia articles.
    If a user asks to search the internet, you can search via this wikipedia tool.
    """


    result = wikipedia_tool.run(search_term)
    return result

Next, we will create a retrieval tool that implements the RAG functionality.

Creating Retrieval Tool

In my article on Retrieval Augmented Generation with Claude 3.5 Sonnet, I explained how to create retriever using LangChain. The process remains the same here.


openai_api_key = os.getenv('OPENAI_API_KEY')

loader = PyPDFLoader("https://web.archive.org/web/20170809122528id_/http://global-settlement.org/pub/The%20English%20Constitution%20-%20by%20Walter%20Bagehot.pdf")
docs = loader.load_and_split()

documents = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter(
    chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=200
).split_documents(docs)

embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings(openai_api_key = openai_api_key)
vector = FAISS.from_documents(documents, embeddings)

retriever = vector.as_retriever()

You can query the vector retriever using the invoke() method. In the output, you will see the section of documents having the highest semantic similarity with the input.


query = """
"What is the difference between the house of lords and house of commons? How members are elected for both?"
"""
retriever.invoke(query)[:3]

Output:

image2.png

Next, we will create a retrieval tool that uses the vector retriever you created to answer user queries. You can create a RAG retrieval tool using the create_retriever_tool() function.


BritishParliamentSearch = create_retriever_tool(
    retriever,
    "british_parliament_search",
    "Use this tool tos earch for information about the british parliament, house of lords and house of common and any other related information.",
)

We have created a Wikipedia tool and a retriever (RAG) tool; the next step is adding these tools to an agent.

Creating Tool Calling Agent

First, we will create a list containing all our tools. Next, we will define the prompt that we will use to call our agent. I used a built-in prompt from LangSmith, which you can see in the script's output below.


tools = [WikipediaSearch, BritishParliamentSearch]
# Get the prompt to use - you can modify this!
prompt = hub.pull("hwchase17/openai-functions-agent")
prompt.messages

Output:

image3.png

You can use your prompt if you want.

We also need to define the LLM we will use with the agent. We will use the OpenAI GPT-4o in our script. You can use any other LLM from LangChain.


llm = ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o",
                 temperature=0,
                 api_key=openai_api_key,
                )

Next, we will create a tool-calling agent that generates responses using the tools, LLM, and the prompt we just defined.

Finally, to execute an agent, we need to define our agent executor, which returns the agent's response to the user when invoked via the invoke() method.

In the script below, we ask our agent a question about the British parliament.


agent = create_tool_calling_agent(llm, tools, prompt)
agent_executor = AgentExecutor(agent=agent, tools=tools, verbose = True)
response = agent_executor.invoke({"input": "How many members are there in the House of Common?"})
print(response)

Output:

image4.png

As you can see from the above output, the agent invoked the british_parliament_search tool to generate a response.

Let's ask another question about the President of the United States. Since this information is not available in the document that the RAG tool uses, the agent will call the WikipediaSearch tool to generate the response to this query.


response = agent_executor.invoke({"input": "Who is the current president of United States?"})

Output:

image5.png

Finally, if you want only to return the response without any additional information, you can use the output key of the response as shown below:


print(response["output"])

Output:


The current President of the United States is Joe Biden. He is the 46th president and assumed office on January 20, 2021.

As a last step, I will show you how to add memory to your agents so that they remember previous conversations with the user.

Adding Memory to Agent Executor

We will first create an AgentExecutor object as we did previously, but this time, we will set verbose = False since we are not interested in seeing the agent's internal workings.

Next, we will create an object of the ChatMessageHistory() class to save past conversations.

Finally, we will create an object of the RunnableWithMessageHistory() class and pass to it the agent executor and message history objects. We also pass the keys for the user input and chat history.


agent_executor = AgentExecutor(agent=agent, tools=tools, verbose = False)

message_history = ChatMessageHistory()

agent_with_chat_history = RunnableWithMessageHistory(
    agent_executor,
    # This is needed because in most real world scenarios, a session id is needed
    # It isn't really used here because we are using a simple in memory ChatMessageHistory
    lambda session_id: message_history,
    input_messages_key="input",
    history_messages_key="chat_history",
)

Next, we will define a function generate_response() that accepts a user query as a function parameter and invokes the RunnableWithMessageHistory() class object. In this case, you also need to pass the session ID, which points to the past conversation. You can have multiple session IDs if you want multiple conversations.


def generate_response(query):
    response = agent_with_chat_history.invoke(
    {"input": query},
    config={"configurable": {"session_id": "<foo>"}}
    )

    return response

Let's test the generate_response() function by asking a question about the British parliament.


query = "What is the difference between the house of lords and the house of commons?"
response = generate_response(query)
print(response["output"])

Output:

image6.png

Next, we will ask a question about the US president.


query = "Who is the current President of America?"
response = generate_response(query)
print(response["output"])

Output:


The current President of the United States is Joe Biden. He assumed office on January 20, 2021, and is the 46th president of the United States.

Next, we will only ask And for France but since the agent remembers the past conversation, it will figure out that the user wants to know about the current French President.


query = "And of France?"
response = generate_response(query)
print(response["output"])

Output:


The current President of France is Emmanuel Macron. He has been in office since May 14, 2017, and was re-elected for a second term in 2022.
Conclusion

Retrieval augmented generation allows you to answer questions using documents from a vector database. However, you may need to fetch information from external sources. This is where tools and agents come into play.

In this article, you saw how to enhance the functionalities of your RAG systems using tools and agents in LangChain. I encourage you to incorporate other tools and agents into your RAG systems to build amazing LLM products.

Understanding Upcoming Changes to Let’s Encrypt’s Chain of Trust

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At WP Engine, we’re committed to ensuring your websites are always secure and easy to access. To this end, we use Let’s Encrypt SSL Certificates to safeguard the communication between your site and its visitors, providing peace of mind that your digital presence is well-protected.  Let’s Encrypt remains a leader in SSL protection, providing SSL

The post Understanding Upcoming Changes to Let’s Encrypt’s Chain of Trust appeared first on WP Engine.

CSSWG Minutes Telecon (2024-08-21)

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View Transitions are one of the most awesome features CSS has shipped in recent times. Its title is self-explanatory: transitions between views are possible with just CSS, even across pages of the same origin! What’s more interesting is its subtext, since there is no need to create complex SPA with routing just to get those eye-catching transitions between pages.

What also makes View Transitions amazing is how quickly it has gone from its first public draft back in October 2022 to shipping in browsers and even in some production contexts like Airbnb — something that doesn’t happen to every feature coming to CSS, so it shows how rightfully hyped it is.

That said, the API is still new, so it’s bound to have some edge cases or bugs being solved as they come. An interesting way to keep up with the latest developments about CSS features like View Transitions is directly from the CSS Telecom Minutes (you can subscribe to them at W3C.org).


View Transitions were the primary focus at the August 21 meeting, which had a long agenda to address. It started with a light bug in Chrome regarding the navigation descriptor, used in every cross-document view transition to opt-in to a view transition.

@view-transition {
  navigation: auto | none;
}

Currently, the specs define navigation as an enum type (a set of predefined types), but Blink takes it as a CSSOMString (any string). While this initially was passed as a bug, it’s interesting to see the conversation it sparked on the GitHub Issue:

Actually I think this is debatable, we don’t currently have at rules that use enums in that way, and usually CSSOM doesn’t try to be fully type-safe in this way. e.g. if we add new navigation types and some browsers don’t support them, this would interpret them as invalid rules rather than rules with empty navigation.

The last statement may not look exciting, but it opens the possibility of new navigation types beyond auto and none, so think about what a different type of view transition could do.

And then onto the CSSWG Minutes:

emilio: Is it useful to differentiate between missing auto or none?

noamr: Yes, very important for forward compat. If one browser adds another type that others don’t have yet, then we want to see that there’s a difference between none or invalid

emilio: But then you get auto behavior?

noamr: No, the unknown value is not read for purpose of nav. It’s a vt role without navigation descriptor and no initial value Similar to having invalid rule

So in future implementations, an invalid navigation descriptor will be ignored, but exactly how is still under debate:

ntim: How is it different from navigation none?

noamr: Auto vs invalid and then auto vs none. None would supersede auto; it has a meaning to not do a nav while invalid is a no-op.

ntim: So none cancels the nav from the prev doc?

noamr: Yes

The none has the intent to cancel any view transitions from a previous document, while an invalid or empty string will be ignored. In the end, it resolved to return an empty string if it’s missing or invalid.

RESOLVED: navigation is a CSSOMString, it returns an empty string when navigation descriptor is missing or invalid

Onto the next item on the agenda. The discussion went into the view-transition-group property and whether it should have an order of precedence. Not to confuse with the pseudo-element of the same name (::view-transition-group) the view-transition-group property was resolved to be added somewhere in the future. As of right now, the tree of pseudo-elements created by view transitions is flattened:

::view-transition
├─ ::view-transition-group(name-1)
│  └─ ::view-transition-image-pair(name-1)
│     ├─ ::view-transition-old(name-1)
│     └─ ::view-transition-new(name-1)
├─ ::view-transition-group(name-2)
│  └─ ::view-transition-image-pair(name-2)
│     ├─ ::view-transition-old(name-2)
│     └─ ::view-transition-new(name-2)
│ /* and so one... */

However, we may want to nest transition groups into each other for more complex transitions, resulting in a tree with ::view-transition-group inside others ::view-transition-group, like the following:

::view-transition
├─ ::view-transition-group(container-a)
│  ├─ ::view-transition-group(name-1)
│  └─ ::view-transition-group(name-2)
└─ ::view-transition-group(container-b)
    ├─ ::view-transition-group(name-1)
    └─ ::view-transition-group(name-2)

So the view-transition-group property was born, or to be precise, it will be at some point in timer. It might look something close to the following syntax if I’m following along correctly:

view-transition-group: normal | <ident> | nearest | contain;
  • normal is contained by the root ::view-transition (current behavior).
  • <ident> will be contained by an element with a matching view-transition-name
  • nearest will be contained by its nearest ancestor with view-transition-name.
  • contain will contain all its descendants without changing the element’s position in the tree

The values seem simple, but they can conflict with each other. Imagine the following nested structure:

A  /* view-transition-name: foo */
└─ B /* view-transition-group: contain */
   └─ C /* view-transition-group: foo */

Here, B wants to contain C, but C explicitly says it wants to be contained by A. So, which wins?

vmpstr: Regarding nesting with view-transition-group, it takes keywords or ident. Contain says that all of the view-transition descendants are nested. Ident says same thing but also element itself will nest on the thing with that ident. Question is what happens if an element has a view-transition-group with a custom ident and also has an ancestor set to contain – where do we nest this? the contain one or the one with the ident? noam and I agree that ident should probably win, seems more specific.

<khush>: +1

The conversations continued if there should be a contain keyword that wins over <ident>

emilio: Agree that this seems desirable. Is there any use case for actually enforcing the containment? Do we need a strong contain? I don’t think so?

astearns: Somewhere along the line of adding a new keyword such as contain-idents?

<fantasai>: “contain-all”

emilio: Yeah, like sth to contain everything but needs a use case

But for now, it was set for <ident> to have more specificity than contain

PROPOSED RESOLUTION: idents take precedence over contain in view-transition-group

astearns: objections or concerns or questions?

<fantasai>: just as they do for <ident> values. (which also apply containment, but only to ‘normal’ elements)

RESOLVED: idents take precedence over contain in view-transition-group

Lastly, the main course of the discussion: whether or not some properties should be captured as styles instead of as a snapshot. Right now, view transitions work by taking a snapshot of the “old” view and transitioning to the “new” page. However, not everything is baked into the snapshot; some relevant properties are saved so they can be animated more carefully.

From the spec:

However, properties like mix-blend-mode which define how the element draws when it is embedded can’t be applied to its image. Such properties are applied to the element’s corresponding ::view-transition-group() pseudo-element, which is meant to generate a box equivalent to the element.

In short, some properties that depend on the element’s container are applied to the ::view-transition-group rather than ::view-transition-image-pair(). Since, in the future, we could nest groups inside groups, how we capture those properties has a lot more nuance.

noamr: Biggest issue we want to discuss today, how we capture and display nested components but also applies to non-nested view transition elements derived from the nested conversation. When we nest groups, some CSS properties that were previously not that important to capture are now very important because otherwise it looks broken. Two groups: tree effects like opacity, mask, clip-path, filters, perspective, these apply to entire tree; borders and border-radius because once you have a hierarchy of groups, and you have overflow then the overflow affects the origin where you draw the borders and shadows these also paint after backgrounds

noamr: We see three options.

  1. Change everything by default and don’t just capture snapshot but add more things that get captured as ?? instead of a flat snapshot (opacity, filter, transform, bg borders). Will change things because these styles are part of the group but have changed things before (but this is different as it changes observable computed style)
  2. Add new property view-transition-style or view-transition-capture-mode. Fan of the first as it reminds me of transform-style.
  3. To have this new property but give it auto value. If group contains other groups when you get the new mode so users using nesting get the new mode but can have a property to change the behavior If people want the old crossfade behavior they can always do so by regular DOM nesting

Regarding the first option about changing how all view transitions capture properties by default:

bramus: Yes, this would be breaking, but it would break in a good way. Regarding the name of the property, one of the values proposed is cross-fade, which is a value I wouldn’t recommend because authors can change the animation, e.g. to scale-up/ scale-down, etc. I would suggest a different name for the property, view-transition-capture-mode: flat | layered

Of course, changing how view transitions work is a dilemma to really think about:

noamr: There is some sentiment to 1 but I feel people need to think about this more?

astearns: Could resolve on option 1 and have blink try it out to see how much breakage there is and if its manageable then we’re good and come back to this. Would be resolving one 1 unless it’s not possible. I’d rather not define a new capture mode without a switch

…so the best course of action was to gather more data and decide:

khush: When we prototype we’ll find edge cases. We will take those back to the WG in that case. Want to get this right

noamr: It involves a lot of CSS props. Some of them are captured and not painted, while others are painted. The ones specifically would all be specified

After some more discussion, it was resolved to come back with compat data from browsers, you can read the full minutes at W3C.org. I bet there are a lot of interesting things I missed, so I encourage you to read it.

RESOLVED: Change the capture mode for all view-transitions and specify how each property is affected by this capture mode change

RESOLVED: Describe categorization of properties in the Module Interactions sections of each spec

RESOLVED: Blink will experiment and come back with changes needed if there are compat concerns


CSSWG Minutes Telecon (2024-08-21) originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.



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Paragraphs

Category Image 073

I sure do love little reminders about HTML semantics, particularly semantics that are tougher to commit to memory. Scott has a great one, beginning with this markup:

<p>I am a paragraph.</p>
<span>I am also a paragraph.</span>
<div>You might hate it, but I'm a paragraph too.</div>
<ul>
  <li>Even I am a paragraph.</li>
  <li>Though I'm a list item as well.</li>
</ul>
<p>I might trick you</p>
<address>Guess who? A paragraph!</address>

You may look at that markup and say “Hey! You can’t fool me, only the <p> elements are “real” paragraphs!

You might even call out such elements as divs or spans being used as “paragraphs” a WCAG failure.

But, if you’re thinking those sorts of things, then maybe you’re not aware that those are actually all “paragraphs”.

It’s easy to forget this since many of those non-paragraph elements are not allowed in between paragraph tags and it usually gets all sorted out anyway when HTML is parsed.

The accessibility bits are what I always come to Scott’s writing for:

Those examples I provided at the start of this post? macOS VoiceOver, NVDA and JAWS treat them all as paragraphs ([asterisks] for NVDA, read on…). […] The point being that screen readers are in step with HTML, and understand that “paragraphs” are more than just the p element.


Paragraphs originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.

35+ Background Design Trends & Styles for 2025

Featured Imgs 23

One of the most important early design decisions you will make is what kind of background will carry a project. Should it be a single color, colorless, use trendy elements such as geometric shapes, gradients, or wood grain patterns? Or would a solid background design can help make a project shine?

Staying on trend with background design styles is important as well. A trendy background choice shows that a website design is modern and the content is new. A modern visual framework can even signal a user that you are thinking about their needs and making the most of the tools that will make their experience better.

So how do you do it? Here’s a look at background design trends and styles, with a few great options to try.

Muted Colors

background trend mute colors

Background designs have changed significantly over the years. Back in the day, most backgrounds, especially on websites, were all about chaotic images, vivid colors, and distracting videos.

Today, most backgrounds aim to create a calm and soothing environment to showcase content more efficiently. And the new muted colors trend is one of the most effective styles you can use to create such backgrounds as it allows you to create beautifully soft and calming backgrounds for all kinds of designs.

One To Try

Gray Stone Texture

Creating a muted color background is easy. All you have to do is pick a color that matches your branding design. But to add a bit more style and make it look less bland, you can use a texture that blends well with muted colors, like this gray stone texture pack.

Retro and Vintage Vibes

background trend retro

A classic vintage vibe never goes out of style. Many web designers and graphic designers have been using this trend to their advantage as it’s a background style that often highlights elegance and class.

Featuring aged effects, rough textures, and art deco styles, vintage background designs are perfect for creating a bold look for branding designs as well as high-end website designs.

However, when it comes to more playful and creative projects, a retro-inspired background full of neon colors and 80s vibes is the best approach.

One To Try

Retro and Vintage Vibes

Creating a vintage background with a rust and weather effect takes some effort. This bundle of vintage grunge backgrounds will help you save time. Use it to create a gritty background for your digital and print designs.

Hand-Drawn Elements

background trend hand drawn elements

The background of a design plays a key role in creating a more personal look that not only adds a human touch but also evokes emotions in the audience. Adding creative, hand-drawn elements to a background is an effective way to achieve that goal.

Adding subtle brush strokes, playful sketches, illustrations, and icons allows you to make your backgrounds more unique and alter the overall look of the design in a positive way to make them stand out from the crowd.

One To Try

Hand-Drawn Elements

The best way to recreate this background trend is to craft unique hand-drawn elements on your own. But that could be difficult when you’re working on multiple projects. In such cases, use some items from this 200+ abstract shapes collection.

Gradient Meshes

background trend gradient mesh

One of the most mesmerizing background trends in website design is the colorful and creative gradient mesh design. These backgrounds feature interactive designs with gradients that change colors as you move your mouse cursor around.

This background style not only gives your website a vibrant and attractive feel but also makes it much easier to highlight the content above all else. That’s part of why this trend has been quite popular recently and we will likely see more of it throughout this year.

One To Try

Gradient Meshes

You’ll need some CSS skills to recreate this style of interactive gradient meshes for websites. However, if you’re looking to add a static gradient effect, use some of the vibrant gradient backgrounds in this bundle.

Repeated Typography

background trend Repeated Typography

Backgrounds with repeated text and titles are a new trend we’ve been seeing lately. It’s a popular trend used by web designers but it’s also often used in posters, flyers, and even social media designs as well.

Using this trend requires careful thought and planning as it makes things more difficult to create a background that doesn’t steal the attention from the content. To make it less distracting, you can adapt creative methods like using glitch effects, transparent text, and outline fonts.

One To Try

Repeat & Fill - Pattern Grid Creator

The repeated typography effect is easy to create but it would take time. The best approach is to use a pattern creator Photoshop plugin like this one. It allows you to easily create patterns from layers.

Glass Blur Effect

Glass Blur Effect

Adding a subtle glass blur effect to a background may look simple, but it has many benefits. It not only adds depth to the overall design but also makes it much easier to create contrast between the background and the text.

The glass blur background effect works perfectly with both image and gradient color backgrounds. However, it’s much more effective when used with gradient color backgrounds as it helps create a subtle glass-like aesthetic look for websites and graphic designs.

One To Try

glass blur 2

Applying a simple Gaussian blur effect to an image won’t help you recreate this design style. You’ll need a glass blur effect for this one. The easiest way to create this effect is to use a glass blur Photoshop template and apply it directly to your background image.

Split Background

Split Background

The split background design trend differs from the popular split website layout trend. This trend involves creating backgrounds that are split into multiple sections.

But it’s not just about adding two images side by side or using two different colors. It’s about creating balance and separating sections more innovatively.

In the above example, the website uses a slider that you can move around to change the divider, which is quite interesting for boosting engagement as well.

One To Try

Split Background 2

The best way to create this effect is to use CSS. But you can also start with a split layout template like this split homepage template for Adobe XD.

Fun Illustrations

Fun Illustrations

One of the best ways to create emotionally engaging and memorable website designs is to use fun illustrations. We see handcrafted illustrations on almost every website these days but most of them are quite random and chaotic. When used properly, the illustrations give a unique personality to each and every design.

The trick is to make the illustrations fun and relatable in a subtle way. Of course, it has to blend with your overall design and theme as well.

Some websites and brands also use illustrations as a way to convey their messages in visual form. And they also use fun characters and mascots to make more memorable designs. But for backgrounds, a big, fun, and creative illustration will do the trick.

One To Try

Fun Illustrations 2

You don’t always have to handcraft illustrations. A good illustration pack will give you plenty of options to choose from.

Glowing Effect

Glowing Lights

The neon glowing effect is something that always grabs your attention. It often works perfectly for adding a dark and moody vibe to the overall look of the design. The glowing background effect uses a similar approach but without the classic retro neon colors.

The soft, luminous light effect also creates depth and contrast between the content and the background. You’ll see this style used more commonly on technology-themed designs.

This background style works perfectly for product landing pages and for promotional adverts like flyers and posters. It creates a bright and bold look while bringing all the attention to the main content.

One To Try

Glowing Lights 2

The abstract modern backgrounds is a collection of high-resolution backgrounds that includes 15 different styles of images featuring glowing effects.

Grainy Textures

Grainy Textures

The grainy texture background style succeeds beautifully when it comes to adding a tactile feel to website designs. It creates a unique handcrafted look to digital designs with its sandy and organic textures.

The main goal of using this background style is to give a more natural, rugged, and raw look to your designs. It’s also perfect for creating a retro and nostalgic look for your digital and print designs, especially for brands that seek to achieve a more grounded aesthetic.

One To Try

Grainy Textures 2

You can use this grainy fabric effect Photoshop template to easily apply a grainy texture effect to your background images.

3D Illustration

background design trends

Three-dimensional anything is a big trend this year. Illustrations with a 3D feel are funky and light for a design that has a certain feel.

The trick to this background style is to pick 3D elements that really work with your content. Illustrations can be a full scene or use 3D icons that create texture or a sort of repeating pattern.

This style emits a certain feel from the get-go. It is lighter and less serious than some other styles, so you want to make sure you are using it with just the right type of content. Otherwise, you could end up with an odd disconnect.

Create your own illustrations or find a UI kit with the elements you need. Add another level of visual interest with a touch of animation, such as the example above.

One To Try

background design trends

Emoticon 3D Illustration is a fun option with big faces that you can drop in a background grid or with a more random placement.

Pastel Gradient

background design trends

A pastel gradient background can be soft or brilliant, but the trend is leaning more toward softer hues and subtle graduation of color.

What’s nice about this type of background is that it adds visual interest with an element of depth. The style can work with any type of content and almost every brand color combination, making it a super practical option if you want to refresh your website design.

One To Try

background design trends

1000 Square Patterns includes plenty of fun repeating elements in a gradient style that can add depth to any website background.

Video

background design trends

Background video is becoming more common in website design projects. Think of this as b-roll or video that’s more for visual purposes than storytelling.

Motion can help keep attention on a design a little longer or create interest with content that might be lacking visual spunk.

If you click through the example above, it uses two layers of animation – video in the background and moving text in the foreground to create a fun display with a lot of impact. The video background is a stylish contributor to this aesthetic.

One To Try

background design trends

Gold Modern Business Video Background has simple motion that can work in any space.

Light Shapes

background design trends

Geometric shapes can be a nice addition as a subtle layer behind other elements in a website design. Elements with thin lines and not a lot of color will create something that’s visually interesting and does not get in the way of the rest of the design.

You can take these effects to another level by using them in similar ways throughout the design and ensuring the shape and style that you use are relevant to the website content as a whole.

Don’t be afraid to use them in multiple ways as well, such as reversed out, with super subtle color, or slight animations. It’s all about creating the right feel for the design with an extra element to engage in the background.

One To Try

background design trends

Simple Laine Handdrawn Patterns has thin lines that fit this design trend perfectly. Play around with size and placement to make it work for you.

Layered Background Image

background design trends

This is a background trend that we didn’t expect – photo backgrounds behind other layers, including text, other images, or videos.

These images tend to be wide-angle, easy-to -understand images that set the stage for the content on the website. They are most valuable when they provide extra information to make everything easier to understand. The challenge is that they can clutter or overwhelm the design if not done well.

Look for images that you can fade easily and content that’s easy to understand at a glance. Generally, the best options pull from the overall website color palette or include a lot of unused space that fades from one part of the background to another.

One To Try

background design trends

Beautiful Seascape is an example of a photo background that could work because it just establishes a sense of location and the color could be muted, if necessary. For this design trend, an image that helps create a locational element can be helpful.

Three-Dimensional Feel

background design trends

Three-dimensional and tactile backgrounds draw users in because they look and feel like something real. Users can almost dive into the design and be part of what they are seeing on the screen, and there’s a strong visual appeal to that.

The modern 3D background trend is more than just shadows and shapes for depth. They also include animation and texture that enhance the realistic vibe.

The key to making a 3D background work is it has to be believable, meaning the effect replicates reality, or it has to be so far-fetched that it is obviously imaginary. There’s a delicate line there that takes practice to do exceptionally well.

One To Try

background design trends

Abstract 3D Background mixes depth effects with motion for a groovy background. The elements of motion can add to a 3D background, but you have to be careful so that you don’t end up with a dizzying effect.

Layered Elements

background design trends

Background and foreground elements no longer have to be completely separated on the screen. The merging of background pieces with other parts of the design can create amazing depth, contribute to a three-dimensional effect (as featured above), and help users feel like part of the design.

This background trend is an extension of merging illustration and reality in imagery that we saw trending in 2020 and 2021. Now the trend seems to be more focused on geometric shapes and color with image layers to create this depth effect in a way that’s less cartoonish.

Bright color choices can help propel these designs forward with extra elements of visual interest with shadows or other depth-building techniques.

One To Try

background design trends

Background Abstract Landing Page is a good starter to create this effect. To get just the right layering of shapes and elements, start with a background element that contains shapes that you like and then add images to the mix.

Liquid Backgrounds

background design trends

Liquid backgrounds are increasingly popular because they are just so visually interesting.

You might find them in one of two ways:

  • As a subtle liquid image behind other elements
  • As a flowing animation in the background

Both concepts are neat to look at and even in a still liquid background, it evokes feelings of motion. The waterlike feel of a liquid animation or background often has a somewhat calming effect as well because of the natural flow on the screen.

One To Try

background design trends

Liquid Backgrounds includes high-resolution backgrounds in a few color schemes. Each has an interesting texture and could work at fully saturated color or muted.

Photos with an Overlay

background design trends

Background images never seem to get old and designers are playing with different ways to add contrast to images with overlays and effects that bring the whole scene together.

Overlays are interesting because there are so many different ways to do it, from full-color screens to partial overlays to adding color and other design elements on top of images.

The real key to making a photo overlay background work is using enough color to make foreground elements highly visible without hiding too much of the background image.

One To Try

background design trends

Epic Photo Overlays includes some trend overlay options that both darken images and provide a dreamy effect. (This is popular on social media and starting to creep into more web projects as well.)

Thick Transparencies

background design trends

In stark contrast, the trend above is using thick color transparency over an image or video. While this effect creates a lot of contrast, it almost renders the background image unreadable.

And that’s what the designer is trying to accomplish with this look. It works best in instances where artwork isn’t strong and primarily serves to provide additional texture so that the background isn’t just a solid color block.

Take care with images or videos used behind thick transparency. They shouldn’t be so interesting that people try to understand them. These images should fade into the background with ease.

One To Try

background design trends

APPO 3.0 template is designed for presentations but shows what you can do with a thick transparency. Take your color or gradient way up to enhance text elements in the foreground.

Watercolors

background design trends

Watercolor backgrounds are a new take on illustrations and scenes in website design. This trend includes anything that has a bit of a hand-painted texture to it.

What’s nice about watercolors – and likely what makes them popular – is that the style has a certain softness to it that some harsher background options lack. Watercolor also has an authentic feel that communicates the uniqueness of the content you are about to explore.

Finally, watercolor styles emanate a bit of whimsy. This concept seems to be a design feeling that more projects are trying to replicate right now.

One To Try

background design trends

Watercolor Backgrounds with Modern Shapes combines a couple of trends – watercolor texture with geometric shapes. The result is pretty stunning and this set of files can help you set the scene for a variety of projects.

Full Screen Video

background design trends

Video has been a go-to background design element for a couple of years, but it’s being reinvented somewhat with this trend: full-screen background video.

Responsive shapes are allowing designers to scale video to fill the landing screen. Like the example above, this trend focuses on the video with minimal effects and elements surrounding it.

The almost cinematic experience draws users in and can be highly engaging with the right video clip. To make the most of this background design trend, look for a video that has a lot of movement and action.

Options To Try

Envato Elements has a solid collection of stock video – more than 500,000 clips – if you need to jumpstart a video background and don’t have anything to work with.

Text in the Background

background design trends

You might not think about text as a background element, but it can be.

Powerful typefaces with big words can carry the background with image elements surrounding them or even encroaching into the space.

This might be one of the trickiest background trends to pull off because you need to maintain a balance between lettering, images, and responsiveness all while maintaining readability.

One To Try

background design trends

Boxer Typeface is a funky, slab display typeface that’s almost made for background use thanks to thick lines.

Subtle Textures

background design trends

Subtle textures in the background can add depth and dimension to a project.

There are all kinds of texture patterns to try, but the dominant trend seems to be specks (most commonly white) over a solid color.

This style of texture provides a rough element to the background and adds a feeling that the design isn’t overly polished. The best part of this trend might be that it works with practically anything and you can even partner it with other background trends. (The example above uses video and texture.)

One To Try

background design trends

Procreate Texture Brushes is a cool add-on packed with subtle sand textures for users of the iPad app.

Hover Animation

background design trends

Who said background images have to be static?

Perfectly placed hover actions add the right amount of movement to otherwise static backgrounds. This technique works with photos, illustrations, and even patterns or textures.

The trick is that it adds an unexpected element of delight to the user experience. Until the hover action presents itself, users don’t even know it is there.

To make the most of this background trend, create a subtle bit of motion. In the example above, the image has a little bounce when activated.

One To Try

background design trends

Animative is a collection of image hover effects that you can use on your website.

Layered, Scene Illustrations

background design trends

Another background trend that’s evolving is the use of illustrations. While designers have used illustrations in the background for quite some time, these illustrations are more elaborate with layered scenes and even some animation.

An illustration can be attention-grabbing and memorable. The thing that’s difficult about an illustration is that these background designs can be rather busy, and you’ll have to carefully plan the placement and style of other elements.

The use of the illustration in the example above is almost perfect. With an off-center placement and hints of animation, it complements the text and the rest of the design well.

One To Try

background design trends

Creative Flat Design Business Concept has a trending flat design with a color palette and styles that are highly usable. The creator has multiple illustration options available in this style.

Color Block Layers

background design trends

Color blocking has been a design trend that transcends disciplines. You’ll find it in fashion, home décor, and website design.

What’s great about this style for design backgrounds is that it can be bright, and with layering, visually interesting. It works with a variety of color palettes – which can be great for brands – and doesn’t create a background that’s overly complex or difficult to achieve.

Use a color-blocked layer with a bright or light background and then add a second “background” in another color. You can see this in the portfolio website example above with a white background and then individual elements in blue boxes.

Flat Color

background design trends

One of the parts of flat design that have never really gone away is the colors of the style. These colors are coming back around as background colors.

Not only is the style to use bolder hues for the background, but to use them flatly. No gradients, no variation, just a solid color background in a single hue.

These backgrounds often have realistic layers on top and sometimes a border or another background behind them to create depth. (You can see this full effect from the example above with white edging around a beige background with an image on top.)

Geometric Shapes

background design trends

Circles, polygons, and other geometric elements are a big part of background design in 2021.

The shapes can be reminiscent of childhood or just a fun alternative to all the flat, single-color backgrounds that had been previously trending. For a modern flair on geometry, stick to a monotone color palette and use elements with a lot of contrast to make the most of the background.

These background styles can be somewhat flashy, such as the example above, or include a muted color palette with subtle geometric undertones.

One To Try

background design trends

Linear Shadow Backgrounds includes 10 large and small geo (or poly) shapes with fun colors and gradients.

Line Patterns

background design trends

From subtle curves to bold strokes, line patterns are growing in popularity as a background design element.

What makes lines work is that they mean something. The best line patterns help draw the user into the design and lead the eye to other visual elements, such as the custom line pattern in the example above.

Line patterns can be large or tiny, and both can be effective depending on the goals of your project.

One To Try

background design trends

Engraved Vector Patterns includes 16 repeat patterns for backgrounds. The kit includes almost any line style you might like with straight lines, blocks and curved lines. (Repeating patterns are nice because you don’t have to worry about “seams” where patterns meet.)

Gradients

background design trends

If you are at all like me, then you are one of those designers that truly has a love affair with gradients. (I can’t get enough of them.)

This trend is so flexible with background gradients that are only color, background gradients that overlay an image or video, or even animated background gradients that change color or seem to float across the design.

With so many options, it’s almost certain that you can find a workable solution that works with your color palette and design scheme.

Bubbles and Blobs

background design trends

While bubbles and blobs might resemble geometric shapes, they are often different in that many of these elements include some motion and the shapes are rather imperfect.

This trend tends to work in two ways as a background element:

  • As an actual background with bubble or blob-shaped elements that are there only for visual interest or to add a little color to the overall design.
  • As a “foreground” background element, such as the example above. Bubbles and blobs are often moving shapes that float up through the design to create a more layered effect but are “background elements” because they serve no functional role other than to help grab user attention.

One To Try

background design trends

Vintage Bubble Backgrounds has a true-to-life bubble style appeal, with 10 faded bubble images.

Wood Grain

background design trends

Woodgrain backgrounds are popular when it comes to product photography and scene-style designs.

Both work well with this element because the wood grain background provides a natural setting that isn’t flat. It’s interesting, but not overwhelming. It provides an interesting location to help bring focus to the thing sitting in the background.

To make the most of wood grain styles, try to match the coloring of wood to foreground elements and look for planks that are wide or thin based on foreground elements as well. Try to avoid elements that fall into the “cracks” between planks.

One To Try

background design trends

Wooden Backgrounds includes 10 different options with color and lighting changes with images that are more than 3,000 pixels wide.

White and Gray

background design trends

Light-colored – white and gray – backgrounds are a trend that continues to hang on. Mostly derived from the minimalism trend, these backgrounds are simple and easy on the user. They provide ample space and contrast for other elements on the screen.

Most white and gray backgrounds have some element of texture, such as a pale gradient, use of shadows to create separation with foreground elements, or some sort of overall pattern or texture.

One To Try

background design trends

Showcase Backgrounds includes 12 background images with a light color scheme with only white a pale gray, making these a perfect fade-into-the-distance design option.

Conclusion

Change up an old design with a new background. Something as simple as changing the look of the design canvas can refresh a project.

Look for something with a touch of trendiness to add a more modern touch to your design. Plus, all of the “one to try” options above are ready to download and use.

How to Create a Pivot Table in Excel: A Step-by-Step Tutorial

Featured Imgs 23

The pivot table is one of Microsoft Excel’s most powerful — and intimidating — functions. Pivot tables can help you summarize and make sense of large data sets.

Download Now: 50+ Excel Hacks [Free Guide]

However, they also have a reputation for being complicated.

The good news is that learning how to create a pivot table in Excel is much easier than you may believe (trust me!).

I’m going to walk you through the process of creating a pivot table and show you just how simple it is. First, though, let’s take a step back and make sure you understand exactly what a pivot table is and why you might need to use one.

Table of Contents

In other words, pivot tables extract meaning from that seemingly endless jumble of numbers on your screen. More specifically, it lets you group your data in different ways so you can draw helpful conclusions more easily.

The “pivot” part of a pivot table stems from the fact that you can rotate (or pivot) the data in the table to view it from a different perspective.

To be clear, you’re not adding to, subtracting from, or otherwise changing your data when you make a pivot. Instead, you’re simply reorganizing the data so you can reveal useful information.

Video Tutorial: How to Create Pivot Tables in Excel

We know pivot tables can be complex and daunting, especially if it’s your first time creating one. In this video tutorial, you’ll learn how to create a pivot table in six steps and gain confidence in your ability to use this powerful Excel feature.

By immersing yourself, you can become proficient in creating pivot tables in Excel in no time. Pair it with our kit of Excel templates to get started on the right foot.

What are pivot tables used for?

If you’re still feeling a bit confused about what pivot tables actually do, don’t worry. This is one of those technologies that are much easier to understand once you’ve seen it in action.

Remember, pivot tables aren’t the only tools you can use in Excel. To learn more, take a look at our guide to mastering Excel.

The purpose of pivot tables is to offer user-friendly ways to quickly summarize large amounts of data. They can be used to better understand, display, and analyze numerical data in detail.

With this information, you can help identify and answer unanticipated questions surrounding the data.

Here are five hypothetical scenarios where a pivot table could be helpful.

1. Comparing Sales Totals of Different Products

Let’s say you have a worksheet that contains monthly sales data for three different products — product 1, product 2, and product 3. You want to figure out which of the three has been generating the most revenue.

One way would be to look through the worksheet and manually add the corresponding sales figure to a running total every time product 1 appears.

The same process can then be done for product 2 and product 3 until you have totals for all of them. Piece of cake, right?

Imagine, now, that your monthly sales worksheet has thousands upon thousands of rows. Manually sorting through each necessary piece of data could literally take a lifetime.

With pivot tables, you can automatically aggregate all of the sales figures for product 1, product 2, and product 3 — and calculate their respective sums — in less than a minute.

how to create a pivot table in Excel

Image Source

2. Showing Product Sales as Percentages of Total Sales

Pivot tables inherently show the totals of each row or column when created. That’s not the only figure you can automatically produce, however.

Let’s say you entered quarterly sales numbers for three separate products into an Excel sheet and turned this data into a pivot table.

The pivot table automatically gives you three totals at the bottom of each column — having added up each product’s quarterly sales.

But what if you wanted to find the percentage these product sales contributed to all company sales, rather than just those products’ sales totals?

With a pivot table, instead of just the column total, you can configure each column to give you the column’s percentage of all three column totals.

Let’s say three products totaled $200,000 in sales, and the first product made $45,000. You can edit a pivot table to say this product contributed 22.5% of all company sales.

To show product sales as percentages of total sales in a pivot table, simply right-click the cell carrying a sales total and select Show Values As > % of Grand Total.

pivot table, value field settings

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3. Combining Duplicate Data

In this scenario, you’ve just completed a blog redesign and had to update many URLs. Unfortunately, your blog reporting software didn’t handle the change well and split the “view” metrics for single posts between two different URLs.

In your spreadsheet, you now have two separate instances of each individual blog post. To get accurate data, you need to combine the view totals for each of these duplicates.

pivot table, city employees live in

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Instead of having to manually search for and combine all the metrics from the duplicates, you can summarize your data (via pivot table) by blog post title.

Voilà, the view metrics from those duplicate posts will be aggregated automatically.

pivot table, check box with name of city

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4. Getting an Employee Headcount for Separate Departments

Pivot tables are helpful for automatically calculating things that you can’t easily find in a basic Excel table. One of those things is counting rows that all have something in common.

For instance, let’s say you have a list of employees in an Excel sheet. Next to the employees’ names are the respective departments they belong to.

You can create a pivot table from this data that shows you each department’s name and the number of employees that belong to those departments.

The pivot table’s automated functions effectively eliminate your task of sorting the Excel sheet by department name and counting each row manually.

5. Adding Default Values to Empty Cells

Not every dataset you enter into Excel will populate every cell. If you’re waiting for new data to come in, you might have lots of empty cells that look confusing or need further explanation.

That’s where pivot tables come in.

pivot table, choose default values

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You can easily customize a pivot table to fill empty cells with a default value, such as $0 or TBD (for “to be determined”).

For large data tables, being able to tag these cells quickly is a valuable feature when many people are reviewing the same sheet.

To automatically format the empty cells of your pivot table, right-click your table and click PivotTable Options.

In the window that appears, check the box labeled “For Empty Cells Show” and enter what you’d like displayed when a cell has no other value.

pivot table, empty cell value

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How to Create a Pivot Table

Now that you have a better sense of pivot tables, let’s get into the nitty-gritty of how to actually create one.

On creating a pivot table, Toyin Odobo, a Data Analyst, said:

"Interestingly, MS Excel also provides users with a ‘Recommended Pivot Table Function.’ After analyzing your data, Excel will recommend one or more pivot table layouts that would be helpful to your analysis, which you can select from and make other modifications if necessary."

They continue, "However, this has its limitations in that it may not always recommend the best arrangement for your data. As a data professional, my advice is that you keep this in mind and explore the option of learning how to create a pivot table on your own from scratch."

With this great advice in mind, here are the steps you can use to create your very own pivot table. But if you’re looking for other ways to visualize your data, use Excel graphs and charts.

Step 1. Enter your data into a range of rows and columns.

Every pivot table in Excel starts with a basic Excel table, where all your data is housed. To create this table, I first simply enter the values into a set of rows and columns, like the example below.

pivot table, list of people, education, and marital status

Here, I have a list of people, their education level, and their marital status. With a pivot table, I could find out several pieces of information. I could find out how many people with master’s degrees are married, for instance.

At this point, you’ll want to have a goal for your pivot table. What kind of information are you trying to glean by manipulating this data? What would you like to learn? This will help you design your pivot table in the next few steps.

Step 2. Insert your pivot table.

Inserting your pivot table is actually the easiest part. You’ll want to:

  • Highlight your data.
  • Go to Insert in the top menu.
  • Click Pivot table.

pivot table, insert pivot table

Note: If you’re using an earlier version of Excel, “PivotTables” may be under Tables or Data along the top navigation, rather than “Insert.”

A dialog box will come up, confirming the selected data set and giving you the option to import data from an external source (ignore this for now).

It will also ask you where you want to place your pivot table. I recommend using a new worksheet.

pivot table, random generator

You typically won’t have to edit the options unless you want to change your selected table and change the location of your pivot table.

Once you’ve double-checked everything, click OK.

You will then get an empty result like this:

pivot table, choose pivot table field

This is where it gets a little confusing and where I used to stop as a beginner because I was so thrown off. We’ll be editing the pivot table fields next so that a table is rendered.

Step 3. Edit your pivot table fields.

You now have the “skeleton” of your pivot table, and it’s time to flesh it out. After you click OK, you will see a pane for you to edit your pivot table fields.

pivot table, pivot table fields

This can be a bit confusing to look at if this is your first time.

In this pane, you can take any of your existing table fields (for my example, it would be First Name, Last Name, Education, and Marital Status) and turn them into one of four fields:

Filter

This turns your chosen field into a filter at the top, by which you can segment data. For instance, below, I’ve chosen to filter my pivot table by Education. It works just like a normal filter or data splicer.

pivot table, selecting fields

Column

This turns your chosen field into vertical columns in your pivot table. For instance, in the example below, I’ve made the columns Marital Status.

pivot table, single and married data

Keep in mind that the field’s values themselves are turned into columns and not the original field title. Here, the columns are “Married” and “Single.” Pretty nifty, right?

Row

This turns your chosen field into horizontal rows in your pivot table. For instance, here’s what it looks like when the Education field is set to be the rows.

pivot table, education degree data

Value

This turns your chosen field into the values that populate the table, giving you data to summarize or analyze.

Values can be averaged, summed, counted, and more. For instance, in the below example, the values are a count of the field First Name, telling me which people across which educational levels are either married or single.

pivot table, married vs single by degree

Step 4: Analyze your pivot table.

Once you have your pivot table, it’s time to answer the question you posed for yourself at the beginning. What information were you trying to learn by manipulating the data?

With the above example, I wanted to know how many people are married or single across educational levels.

I therefore made the columns Marital Status, the rows Education, and the values First Name (I also could’ve used Last Name).

Values can be summed, averaged, or otherwise calculated if they’re numbers, but the First Name field is text. The table automatically set it to Count, which meant it counted the number of first names matching each category. It resulted in the below table:

pivot table, column labels

Here, I’ve learned that across doctoral, lower secondary, master, primary, and upper secondary educational levels, these number of people are married or single:

  • Doctoral: 2 single
  • Lower secondary: 1 married
  • Master: 2 married, 1 single
  • Primary: 1 married
  • Upper secondary: 3 single

Now, let’s look at an example of these same principles but for finding the average number of impressions per blog post on the HubSpot blog.

Step-by-Step Excel Pivot Table

  1.  Enter your data into a range of rows and columns.
  2.  Sort your data by a specific attribute (if needed).
  3.  Highlight your cells to create your pivot table.
  4.  Drag and drop a field into the “Row Labels” area.
  5.  Drag and drop a field into the “Values” area.
  6.  Fine-tune your calculations.

Step 1. I entered my data into a range of rows and columns.

I want to find the average number of impressions per HubSpot blog post. First, I entered my data, which has several columns:

  • Top Pages
  • Clicks
  • Impressions

The table also includes CTR and position, but I won't be including that in my pivot table fields.

pivot table example, hubspot impression data

Step 2. I sorted my data by a specific attribute.

I want to sort my URLs by Clicks to make the information easier to manage once it becomes a pivot table. This step is optional but can be handy for large data sets.

To sort your data, click the Data tab in the top navigation bar and select Sort. In the window that appears, you can sort your data by any column you want and in any order.

For example, to sort my Excel sheet by “Clicks,” I selected this column title under Column and then selected Largest to Smallest as the order.

pivot table, sort by clicks

Step 3. I highlighted my cells to create a pivot table.

Like in the previous tutorial, highlight your data set, click Insert along the top navigation, and click PivotTable.

Alternatively, you can highlight your cells, select Recommended PivotTables to the right of the PivotTable icon, and open a pivot table with pre-set suggestions for how to organize each row and column.

pivot table, create pivot table

Step 4. I dragged and dropped a field into the “Rows” area.

Now, it's time to start building my table.

Rows determine what unique identifier the pivot table will organize your data by.

Since I want to organize a bunch of blogging data by URL, I dragged and dropped the “Top pages” field into the “Rows" area.

pivot table, apply filters

Note: Your pivot table may look different depending on which version of Excel you’re working with. However, the general principles remain the same.

Step 5. I dragged and dropped a field into the “Values” area.

Next up, it's time to add some values by dragging a field into the Values area.

While my focus is on impressions, I still want to see clicks. I dragged it into the Values box and left the calculation on Sum.

pivot table, sum of clicks

Then, I dragged Impressions into the values box, but I didn't want to summarize by Sum. Instead, I wanted to see the Average.

pivot table, average

I clicked the small i next to Impressions, selected “Average” under Summarize by, then clicked OK.

Once you’ve made your selection, your pivot table will be updated accordingly.

Step 6. I fine-tuned my calculations.

The sum of a particular value will be calculated by default, but you can easily change this to something like average, maximum, or minimum, depending on what you want to calculate.

I didn't need to fine-tune my calculations further, but you always can. On a Mac, click the i next to the value and choose your calculation.

If you’re using a PC, you’ll need to click on the small upside-down triangle next to your value and select Value Field Settings to access the menu.

When you’ve categorized your data to your liking, save your work, and don't forget to analyze the results.

Pivot Table Examples

From managing money to keeping tabs on your marketing efforts, pivot tables can help you keep track of important data. The possibilities are endless!

See three pivot table examples below to keep you inspired.

1. Creating a PTO Summary and Tracker

pivot table, pto tracker

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If you’re in HR, running a business, or leading a small team, managing employees’ vacations is essential. This pivot table allows you to seamlessly track this data.

All you need to do is import your employees’ identification data along with the following data:

  • Sick time
  • Hours of PTO
  • Company holidays
  • Overtime hours
  • Employee’s regular number of hours

From there, you can sort your pivot table by any of these categories.

2. Building a Budget

pivot table, budget

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Whether you’re running a project or just managing your own money, pivot tables are an excellent tool for tracking spend.

The simplest budget just requires the following categories:

  • Date of transaction
  • Withdrawal/expenses
  • Deposit/income
  • Description
  • Any overarching categories (like paid ads or contractor fees)

With this information, I can see my biggest expenses and brainstorm ways to save.

3. Tracking Your Campaign Performance

pivot table, campaign performance

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Pivot tables can help your team assess the performance of your marketing campaigns.

In this example, campaign performance is split by region. You can easily see which country had the highest conversions during different campaigns.

This can help you identify tactics that perform well in each region and where advertisements need to be changed.

Pivot Table Essentials

There are some tasks that are unavoidable in the creation and usage of pivot tables. To assist you with these tasks, I’ll share step-by-step instructions on how to carry them out.

How to Create a Pivot Table With Multiple Columns

Now that you can create a pivot table, how about we try to create one with multiple columns?

Just follow these steps:

  • Select your data range. Select the data you want to include in your pivot table, including column headers.
  • Insert a pivot table. Go to the Insert tab in the Excel ribbon and click on the “PivotTable” button.
  • Choose your data range. In the “Create PivotTable” dialog box, ensure that the correct range is automatically selected, and choose where you want to place the pivot table (e.g., a new worksheet or an existing worksheet).
  • Designate multiple columns. In the PivotTable Field List, drag and drop the fields you want to include as column labels to the “Columns” area. These fields will be displayed as multiple columns in your pivot table.
  • Add row labels and values. Drag and drop the fields you want to summarize or display as row labels to the “Rows” area.

labled pivot table

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Similarly, drag and drop the fields you want to use for calculations or aggregations to the “Values” area.

  • Customize the pivot table. You can further customize your pivot table by adjusting the layout, applying filters, sorting, and formatting the data as needed.

For more visual instructions, watch this video:

How to Copy a Pivot Table

To copy a pivot table in Excel, follow these steps:

  • Select the entire pivot table. Click anywhere within the pivot table. You should see selection handles around the table.
  • Copy the pivot table. Right-click and select “Copy” from the context menu, or use the shortcut Ctrl+C on your keyboard.
  • Choose the destination. Go to the worksheet where you want to paste the copied pivot table.
  • Paste the pivot table. Right-click on the cell where you want to paste the pivot table and select “Paste” from the context menu, or use the shortcut Ctrl+V on your keyboard.
  • Adjust the pivot table range (if needed). If the copied pivot table overlaps with existing data, you may need to adjust the range to avoid overwriting the existing data. Simply click and drag the corner handles of the pasted pivot table to resize it accordingly.

By following these steps, you can easily copy and paste a pivot table from one location to another within the same workbook or even across different workbooks.

This allows you to duplicate or move pivot tables to different worksheets or areas within your Excel file.

For more visual instructions, watch this video:

How to Sort a Pivot Table

To sort a pivot table, you can follow these steps:

  • Select the column or row you want to sort.
  • If you want to sort a column, click on any cell within that column in the pivot table.
  • If you want to sort a row, click on any cell within that row in the pivot table.
  • Sort in ascending or descending order.
  • Right-click on the selected column or row and choose “Sort” from the context menu.
  • In the “Sort” submenu, select either “Sort A to Z” (ascending order) or “Sort Z to A” (descending order).

Alternatively, you can use the sort buttons on the Excel ribbon:

  • Go to the PivotTable tab. With the pivot table selected, go to the “PivotTable Analyze” or “PivotTable Tools” tab on the Excel ribbon (depending on your Excel version).
  • Sort the pivot table. In the “Sort” group, click on the “Sort Ascending” button (A to Z) or the “Sort Descending” button (Z to A).

pivot table sort by

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These instructions will allow you to sort the data within a column or row in your pivot table. Please remember that sorting a pivot table rearranges the data within that specific field and does not affect the overall structure of the pivot table.

You can also watch the video below for further instructions.

How to Delete a Pivot Table

To delete a pivot table in Excel, you can follow these steps:

  • Select the pivot table you want to delete. Click anywhere within the pivot table that you want to remove.
  • Delete the pivot table.
  • Press the “Delete” or “Backspace” key on your keyboard.
  • Right-click on the pivot table and select “Delete” from the context menu.
  • Go to the “PivotTable Analyze” or “PivotTable Tools” tab on the Excel ribbon (depending on your Excel version), click on the “Options” or “Design” button, and then choose “Delete” from the dropdown menu.

pivot table tools

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  • Confirm the deletion. Excel may prompt you to confirm the deletion of the pivot table. Review the message and select “OK” or “Yes” to proceed with the deletion.

Once you complete these steps, the pivot table and its data will be removed from the worksheet. It’s important to note that deleting a pivot table does not delete the original data source or any other data in the workbook.

It simply removes the pivot table visualization from the worksheet.

How to Group Dates in Pivot Tables

To group dates in a pivot table in Excel, follow these steps:

  • Ensure that your date column is in the proper date format. If not, format the column as a date.
  • Select any cell within the date column in the pivot table.
  • Right-click and choose “Group” from the context menu.

pivot table tools analyze

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  • The Grouping dialog box will appear. Choose the grouping option that suits your needs, such as days, months, quarters, or years. You can select multiple options by holding down the Ctrl key while making selections.

pivot table tools, date range

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  • Adjust the starting and ending dates if needed.
  • Click “OK” to apply the grouping.

Excel will now group the dates in your pivot table based on the chosen grouping option. The pivot table will display the summarized data based on the grouped dates.

Note: The steps may slightly vary depending on your Excel version.

If you don’t see the “Group” option in the context menu, you can also access the Grouping dialog box by going to the “PivotTable Analyze” or “PivotTable Tools” tab on the Excel ribbon, selecting the “Group Field” button, and following the subsequent steps.

By grouping dates in your pivot table, you can easily analyze data by specific time periods, such as months, which can help you get a clearer understanding of trends and patterns in your data.

How to Add a Calculated Field in a Pivot Table

If you’re trying to add a calculated field in a pivot table in Excel, you can follow these steps:

  • Select any cell within the pivot table.
  • Go to the “PivotTable Analyze” or “PivotTable Tools” tab on the Excel ribbon (depending on your Excel version).
  • Go to the “Calculations” group. In the “Calculations” group, click on the “Fields, Items & Sets” button and select “Calculated Field” from the dropdown menu.
  • The “Insert Calculated Field” dialog box will appear. Enter a name for your calculated field in the “Name” field.
  • Enter the formula for your calculated field in the “Formula” field. You can use mathematical operators (+, -, *, /), functions, and references to other fields in the pivot table.
  • Click “OK” to add the calculated field to the pivot table.

The pivot table will now display the calculated field as a new column or row, depending on the layout of your pivot table.

The calculated field you created will use the formula you specified to calculate values based on the existing data in the pivot table. Pretty cool, right?

Note: The steps may slightly vary depending on your Excel version. If you don’t see the “Fields, Items & Sets” button, you can right-click on the pivot table and select “Show Field List.” They both do the same thing.

Adding a calculated field to your pivot table helps you perform unique calculations and get new insights from the data in your pivot table.

It allows you to expand your analysis and perform calculations specific to your needs. You can also watch the video below for some visual instructions.

How to Remove Grand Total From a Pivot Table

To remove the grand total from a pivot table in Excel, follow these steps:

  • Select any cell within the pivot table.
  • Go to the “PivotTable Analyze” or “PivotTable Tools” tab on the Excel ribbon (depending on your Excel version).
  • Click on the “Field Settings” or “Options” button in the “PivotTable Options” group.
  • The “PivotTable Field Settings” or “PivotTable Options” dialog box will appear.
  • Depending on your Excel version, follow one of the following methods:
  • For Excel 2013 and earlier versions: In the “Subtotals & Filters” tab, uncheck the box next to “Grand Total.”
  • For Excel 2016 and later versions: In the “Totals & Filters” tab, uncheck the box next to “Show grand totals for rows/columns.”
  • Click “OK” to apply the changes.

The grand total row or column will be removed from your pivot table, and only the subtotals for individual rows or columns will be displayed.

Note: The steps may slightly vary depending on your Excel version and the layout of your pivot table. If you don’t see the “Field Settings” or “Options” button in the ribbon, you can right-click on the pivot table, select “PivotTable Options,” and follow the subsequent steps.

By removing the grand total, you can focus on the specific subtotals within your pivot table and exclude the overall summary of all the data. This can be useful when you want to analyze and present the data in a more detailed manner.

For a more visual explanation, watch the video below.

7 Tips & Tricks For Excel Pivot Tables

1. Use the right data range.

Before creating a pivot table, make sure that your data range is properly selected. Include all the necessary columns and rows, making sure there are no empty cells within the data range.

2. Format your data.

To avoid potential issues with data interpretation, format your data properly. Ensure consistent formatting for date fields, numeric values, and text fields.

Remove any leading or trailing spaces, and ensure that all values are in the correct data type.

Pro tip: I find it easier to arrange my data in columns, with each column having its own header and one row containing distinct, non-blank labels for every column. Keep an eye out for merged cells or repeated header rows.

If you’re working with complex or nested data, you can use Power Query to turn it into a single header row organized in columns.

3. Choose your field names wisely.

While creating a pivot table, use clear and descriptive names for your fields. This will make it easier to understand and analyze the data within the pivot table.

Pro tip: If you‘re focusing on business-related queries, I find that using natural language makes it easier to look them up.

Suppose you’re searching for the number of subscriptions live in 2024. Click the “Analyze Data” option under the “Home” tab. Type “subscriptions live in 2020” in the search bar. Excel will show you the data you are looking for.

4. Apply pivot table filters.

Take advantage of the filtering capabilities in pivot tables to focus on specific subsets of data. You can apply filters to individual fields or use slicers to visually interact with your pivot table.

Pro tip: Did you know you can link a specific Slicer to many pivot tables? When you right-click on the slicer, you will see an option called “Report connections” appear.

You can then choose the pivot tables you intend to connect, and then you're done. I found that this same technique can also be used to join several pivot tables together using a timeline.

5. Classify your data.

If you have a large amount of data, consider grouping it to make the analysis simpler. You can group data by dates, numeric ranges, or with your special kind of classification.

This helps to summarize and organize data in a more meaningful way within the pivot table.

Pro tip: Additionally, you can sort the Field List items alphabetically or in Data Source order, which is the order specified in the source table.

I've found that alphabetical order works best when dealing with unknown data sets with numerous fields.

But what if you want to monitor a certain entry and that it should always be at the top of the list? First, choose the desired cell, then click and hold the green cursor border to move it up or down to the desired location.

You'll know where the object will be dropped by a thick green bar. You can also click where you want the entry to appear and type the text to move the entry in a Pivot Table list to change its location.

6. Customize pivot table layout.

Excel allows you to customize the layout of your pivot table.

You can drag and drop fields between different areas of the pivot table (e.g., rows, columns, values) to rearrange the layout and present the data in the most useful way for your analysis.

Pro tip: In addition to the standard layout, you can select a layout design from the list by clicking on “Report Layout.”

Infancy: if you want a specific default layout every time you open a pivot table, select “Files” > “Options” > “Data” > “Edit Default Layout.” You can change the layout options there to suit your preferences.

7. Refresh and update data.

If your data source changes or you add new data, remember to refresh the pivot table to reflect the latest updates.

To refresh a pivot table in Excel and update it with the latest data, follow these steps:

  • Select the pivot table. Click anywhere within the pivot table that you want to refresh.
  • Refresh the pivot table. There are multiple ways to refresh the pivot table:
  • Right-click anywhere within the pivot table and select “Refresh” from the context menu.
  • Or, go to the “PivotTable Analyze” or “PivotTable Tools” tab on the Excel ribbon (depending on your Excel version) and click on the “Refresh” button.
  • Or, use the keyboard shortcut Alt+F5.
  • Verify the updated data. After refreshing, the pivot table will update with the latest data from the source range or data connection. We recommend confirming the refreshed data to make sure you have what you want.

By following these steps, you can easily refresh your pivot table to reflect any changes in the underlying data. This ensures that your pivot table always displays the most up-to-date information.

You can watch the video below for more detailed instructions.

These tips and tricks will help you create and use pivot tables in Excel, allowing you to analyze and summarize your data in a dynamic and efficient manner.

Digging Deeper With Pivot Tables

Imagine this. You’re a business analyst. You have a large dataset that needs to be analyzed to identify trends and patterns. You and your team decide to use a pivot table to summarize and analyze the data quickly and efficiently.

As you explored different combinations of fields, you discovered interesting insights and correlations that would have been time-consuming to find manually.

The pivot table helped you to streamline the data analysis process and present the findings to stakeholders in a clear and concise manner, impressing them with your team’s efficiency and ability to retrieve actionable insights. Sounds good right?

You’ve now learned the basics of pivot table creation in Excel. With this understanding, you can figure out what you need from your pivot table and find the solutions you’re looking for. Good luck!

Editor's note: This post was originally published in December 2018 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

How to Create an Ebook From Start to Finish [Free Ebook Templates]

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Learning how to create an ebook can be overwhelming. Not only do you have to write the content, but you also need to design and format it into a professional-looking document that people will want to download and read.

→ Download Now: 36 Free Ebook Templates

To help you get started, I’ve gathered some of my favorite lessons — both from my experience and from the experts.

Don’t worry, it’s not as intimidating as it sounds. I’ll also share some helpful tools and templates you can use to create, publish, and sell your ebook.

In this article:

definition of what is an ebook

Ebook Benefits

Statista reports that by 2024, the global ebook market is projected to bring in $14.61 billion in sales. Keeping in line with that prediction, the market will increase at 1.62% per year, with a predicted volume of $15.33 billion by 2027.

So if you’re wondering if now is a great time to try out an ebook for your business, I’m here to convince you.

Lead magnets come in many forms, but the ebook still reigns supreme. They give the reader:

  • In-depth digital content in an environment largely overrun with quick headlines and soundbites.
  • Visual data that compliments the editorial content.
  • On-demand access to the ebook content.

Writing ebooks benefits your business, too. Turning a profit, acquiring new customers, generating buzz, and becoming an industry thought leader are just a few advantages of this type of content.

Let's say, however, that you have a fantastic blog full of long-form content. Why in the world would you want to offer your readers an ebook? Is it even worth your time?

list of benefits of ebookEbook Advantages for Content CreatorsEbooks can incentivize website visitors. You can put it behind an opt-in or “gate,” incentivizing your website visitor to become a lead if they want the information.Ebooks have unique design capabilities. In some ways, ebooks have design capabilities like in-depth charts, graphs, and full-page images, which you may not be able to achieve on your blog.Ebook distribution doesn't have additional costs. After the initial creation of the ebook, you can distribute the file a multitude of times with no additional production cost. They also have no associated shipping fees.You can embed links into ebooks. You can embed links to other media in the ebook file, encouraging the reader to engage with your content further.Perhaps more importantly, ebooks offer several advantages for your audience:

  • Ebooks are portable. They can be stored on many devices without any associated physical storage space.
  • The reader gets the choice to print the ebook out. If they want to consume the information in a traditional physical format. Otherwise, the digital format is environmentally friendly.
  • Ebooks are more accessible. They give readers the ability to increase font sizes and/or read aloud with text-to-speech.
  • Ebooks are easily searchable. If the reader is looking for something specific, searching for it is a search bar away.

Moreover, with lead generation being the top goal for content marketing, ebooks are an essential part of a successful inbound marketing program.

In this post, I’ll walk you through the ins and outs of creating an ebook and will share my process of creating an ebook of my own. And if you’re worried about a lack of design skills, I’ve got you covered there, too.

Ebooks can increase the visibility and credibility of your business while positioning your brand as a thought leader in your industry. However, these ebooks can sometimes be hard to write, even though they offer many benefits.

Here are some proven tips I recommend to help you write excellent ebooks.

1. Choose a topic that matches your audience's needs.

Remember: The goal of your ebook is to generate leads for your sales team, so pick a topic that will make it easy for a prospect to go from downloading your ebook to having a conversation with your sales team.

This means your ebook should stay consistent with the topics you cover in your other content distribution channels.

Rather, it‘s your opportunity to do a deep dive into a subject you’ve only lightly covered until now, but something your audience wants to learn more about.

For example, in listening to sales and customer calls here at HubSpot, I’ve learned that creating ebooks is a massive obstacle for our audience, who are marketers themselves.

So if I can provide not only this blog post but resources to make ebook creation easier, I’m focusing on the right topic that will naturally lead to a sales conversation.

checklist for how to write an ebook

Here are some sample ebook titles to consider to get your creative juices flowing.

  • X Best Practices for [Insert Industry/Topic]
  • An Introduction to [Insert Industry/Topic]
  • X Common Questions About [Insert Industry/Topic] Answered
  • X [Insert Industry/Topic] Statistics For Better Decision-Making
  • Learn From The Best: X [Insert Industry/Topic] Experts Share Insights

Note: Replace “X” with the appropriate number. You can also use our free Blog Topic Generator tool to develop more ideas. Most blog topics can be comprehensive enough to serve as longer-form ebook topics.

Pro tip: From personal experience, I can tell you that instead of adopting a generic approach, you should delve deeper and focus on a specific audience group to learn about their motivations, preferences, and problems.

Remember, everyone can‘t be your audience, as covering everyone’s pain points in a single book is difficult.

For this blog post, I will use the PowerPoint version of template two from our collection of five free ebook templates. Through each section of this post, I'll provide a side-by-side of the template slide and how I customized it.

Below, you'll see my customized cover with my sales-relevant ebook topic. For help with writing compelling titles for your ebooks, check out the tips in this blog post.

customized ebook cover using free Hubspot template

2. Conduct research.

Although you probably have quite a bit of knowledge about your topic already, you still need to figure out what exactly your audience wants to know about and how you can make your ebook stand out from others in the market.

When I’m doing research for my ebook, here’s how I approach it:

  • Read through existing publications about your topic and identify knowledge gaps and areas that require further exploration. During your research, take the time to address those unanswered questions to make your ebook more comprehensive and valuable.
  • Conduct keyword research to find keywords and phrases that are related to the topic you are writing about. By doing this, you can uncover trends about your subject and better reach users who want to learn more about the topic.
  • Gather original data and insights to differentiate your ebook from other sources and position yourself as an authority on your topic. If you’re able, reach out to industry experts and conduct interviews to collect unique information. You can also send out surveys to your audience to get statistics to support your content.

Once you’ve gathered all your information, make sure you verify that it is all accurate and up-to-date. Also, be sure to keep your findings organized, so you can easily go back and reference them as you’re writing your ebook.

Pro tip: I‘d also suggest you look at your blog posts related to the topic. This provides invaluable information, such as showing you what questions your target audience asks.

It can be a checkpoint to see if you’re heading in the right direction. If it's something else, either reconsider the focus of your ebook or check to see how you can include it.

3. Outline each chapter of your ebook.

The introduction to your ebook should set the stage for the book’s content and draw the reader in.

What will you cover in your ebook? How will the reader benefit from reading it? For tips on how to write an effective introduction, check out this post.

Some ebook creators say that an ebook is simply a series of blog posts stitched together. While I agree you should treat each chapter as an individual blog post, the chapters of your ebook should also flow fluidly from one to the other.

The best way to outline your ebook is by thinking of it as a crash course on the sales-relevant topic you selected. In my example of creating an ebook, I know I need to cover how to:

  • Write effective copy
  • Design an ebook
  • Optimize ebooks for lead generation and promotion

While my example has a few chapters, keep in mind that your ebook does not need to be lengthy.

Here’s a golden rule to follow regarding ebook length: Write what is needed to educate your audience about your selected topic effectively.

If your ebook requires five pages, great! If it requires 30 pages, so be it. Just don't waste words thinking you need to write a lengthy ebook.

Let’s now move on to the actual copy you’re writing.

creating an ebook table of contents from template

Pro Tip: In my experience, I also found that taking myself on the reader’s journey helped me understand the outline better. So, ask yourself where you want the reader to involve themselves and where they should end up eventually.

4. Break down each chapter as you write.

Get writing! Here, you can approach each chapter the way you might write a long blog post — by compartmentalizing each chapter into smaller sections or bullet points, as shown in the picture below.

This helps you write simply and clearly, rather than using sophisticated language to convey each point. It's the most effective way to educate readers and help them understand the new material you’re providing.

Be sure to maintain a consistent structure across each chapter, as well.

This helps you establish natural transitions between each chapter so there's a clear progression from one chapter to the next (simply stitching blog posts together can rob you of this quality).

These practices should hold true for all your other marketing efforts, such as email marketing, call-to-action creation, and landing page development. “Clarity trumps persuasion,” as Dr. Flint McGlaughlin of MECLABS often says.

Want to make sure you're keeping your ebook exciting for readers? Here are some key tips I’ve found to be most helpful:

  • Use keywords in the title that emphasize the value of your offer. Examples include adjectives like “amazing,” “awesome,” or “ultimate.”
  • Keep your format consistent so you create a mental model for readers and enhance their understanding of the material.
  • When appropriate, use formatting — like bulleted lists, bold text, italics, and font size changes — to draw people’s eyes to your most important content or emphasize specific points you want readers to remember.

creating an ebook from start to finish with design template

Pro tip: I‘ve also found that the saying "less is more" is handy when you’re in the deep trenches of writing. You don‘t want your readers feeling under or overloaded with information, so I find that a solid balance of content keeps them interested.

Plus, you can ask for a second opinion once you’re done to see if the information is too much to digest.

5. Design your ebook.

Our downloadable ebook templates are offered in both PowerPoint and InDesign.

For this example, I'll show you how to do it in PowerPoint since more people have access to that software. (If you need a refresher, here’s a beginner-friendly guide on how to use PowerPoint.)

We only have one “chapter page” in the template (slide three). To create additional chapter pages, or any pages really, simply right-click the slide and choose Duplicate Slide.

This will make a copy of your slide and allow you to drag it to its proper place in your ebook via the sidebar or Slide Sorter section of PowerPoint. You can then customize it for any subsequent chapters.

creating an ebook from start to finish, working on design of chapters

Pro tip: I think it’s good to set up some brand guidelines and stick to them when designing your ebook. If you publish more in the future, your target audience will eventually grasp who you are and what your business is about.

This will ensure that everything you do is consistent and that you’re considered a professional.

6. Use the right colors.

Ideally, our free ebook templates would magically match your brand colors. But they probably don’t; this is where you get to truly personalize your work.

However, because ebooks offer more real estate for color than your logo or website, it’s good to consider secondary colors within your brand's color palette. Ebooks are where this color scheme can truly shine.

To learn how to add your brand's colors to PowerPoint, check out this blog post. That way, you can customize the color scheme in our ebook templates to match your brand!

Pro tip: I’ve also found using colors to emphasize a particular word or key points useful. Red can emphasize something, while yellow can highlight something.

Remember, every color has a purpose in designing content assets and can influence how information is displayed.

7. Incorporate visuals.

Images and graphics in ebooks are hard to get right. The key to making them fit well is to think of them as complementary to your writing.

Whether you add them during or after you’ve finished writing your ebook’s copy, your visuals should serve to highlight an important point you’re making or deconstruct the meaning of a concept in an easy-to-understand, visual way.

Images shouldn’t just be there to make the ebook easy on the eyes. Rather, they should be used to enhance the reader’s understanding of the material you’re covering.

If you need help gathering visuals, we have three sets of free stock photos that might help you along the way:

And if you're compiling a data-heavy ebook, you might want to download our free data visualization ebook for tips about designing compelling charts and graphs for your content.

creating an ebook and adding visual elements and images

Pro tip: I’d argue one of the most crucial aspects to consider when writing your ebook is thinking about what data/ insight or quote you could present in a visual form.

Think about using images or links to videos, providing them with an all-round experience. So, when writing, jot down where you think images or visuals could be used.

8. Highlight quotes or stats

Another way to enhance your ebook is by highlighting quotes or stats within your design. Just be sure the quote or stat you're using genuinely adds value to the content.

Whether you're emphasizing a quote or adding a visual, keep all your content within the same margins.

If your copy is consistently one-inch indented on your page from both the left and right sides, keep your designed elements aligned using that same spacing.

creating an ebook and adding quotes and stats to content

Pro tip: I’m a big fan of large graphics or quotes, but occasionally, a good dose of white space is just as crucial. So, incorporating a lot of text, images, quotes, and statistics is great, but you also want to keep everything balanced.

9. Place appropriate calls to action within your ebook.

Now that your content is written and designed, it's time to optimize it for lead generation, reconversion, and promotion.

Think about how you got here — you clicked on a call-to-action (CTA) in an email, on a social media post, or somewhere else.

A CTA is a link or visual object that entices the visitor to click and arrive at a landing page that will get them further engaged with your company.

Since your ebook readers have probably converted into leads to get their hands on your ebook, use the CTAs within your ebook to reconvert your readers and propel them further down your marketing funnel.

For instance, a CTA can lead to another offer, your annual conference's registration page, or even a product page.

Depending on what this next action is, CTAs can be an in-line rectangle or a full-page teasing the next offer (see both images below).

To hyperlink the CTA in your ebook (or any image or text in your ebook) to your destination URL, simply go to Insert >> Hyperlink in PowerPoint.

creating an ebook and adding CTAs into the content

Note: We've even designed 50 customizable calls-to-action in PowerPoint you can download and use in your ebooks. You can grab them here.

Now, we don’t have a dedicated CTA template slide in the PowerPoint ebook templates ... but it’s still simple.

You just have to duplicate the Header/Subheader slide and customize the copy or add images as needed. You can also go to Insert >> New Slide and work from there.

Pro tip: I‘ve found it’s ideal to put CTA links between your ebook‘s chapters — or, better yet, at the end of each one or right after the conclusion. But make sure that you’re subtle with your CTAs, as you wouldn't want to put off your readers.

10. Convert it into a PDF.

Once you’ve finished writing your ebook — CTAs and all — it’s time to convert it to the right file type, so it's transferable from you to your recipient.

To convert your ebook to a PDF, click File >> Save As in the ebook template you have open. Then, under File Format, select PDF and select a destination on your computer for this new file.

Why can’t you just attach what you have to a landing page and be done with it? Word documents, PowerPoints, and similar templates are perfect for creating your ebook but not for delivering it.

Because these templates are editable, the contents of your ebook are too easily corrupted, distorted, or even lost when moving from your computer to the hands of your future leads. That’s where PDFs come in.

You've seen these letters at the end of files before. Short for Portable Document Format, the .PDF file type essentially freezes your ebook so it can be displayed clearly on any device. A popular alternative to PDFs is the .EPUB file type.

See a comparison of EPUB to PDF here.

Pro tip: One reason I believe shifting to PDFs is important is because you can also share them as links. This makes it much easier to spread your ebook around, and your readers won’t need to download it if they don’t want to.

11. Create a dedicated landing page for your ebook.

Your ebook should be available for download through a landing page on your site.

A landing page is a web page that promotes/describes your offer and provides a form that visitors need to fill out with their contact information to access your ebook.

This is how you can convert your visitors into business leads that your sales team can ultimately follow up with.

For instance, you went through this landing page to access this ebook template.

If you’re still not sure how to get started, download this free ebook to learn more about optimizing your landing pages for conversion.

creating an ebook and a dedicated landing page

And if you‘re looking for a faster, easier way to create your ebook landing page, check out HubSpot’s free Campaign Assistant tool. Instead of writing and editing for hours, Campaign Assistant can generate your copy with just a few clicks.

creating landing page for ebook

Pro tip: I recommend that you don’t forget about SEO when creating your landing page. It can make or break your conversion rate. Optimize meta tags and include relevant keywords, especially for your ebook.

12. Promote your ebook and track its success.

Once your landing page is all set, you can use that destination URL to promote your ebook across your marketing channels.

However, in 2024, almost 80% of writers said marketing was the hardest aspect of the ebook process. As of this year, authors have dedicated more than thirty-one hours and $617 on marketing per month to promoting their ebooks.

So, I’ve shared five ways you can do this:

  • Advertise your new ebook on your website. For example, feature a CTA or link to your offer’s landing page on your resources page or even your homepage.
  • Promote your ebook through your blog. For instance, consider publishing an excerpt of your ebook as a blog post. Or write a separate blog article on the same topic as your ebook, and link to it at the end of your post using a call-to-action to encourage readers to keep learning. (Note: This very blog post is the perfect example of how to promote an offer you created with a blog post.)
  • Send a segmented email to contacts who have indicated an interest in receiving offers from your company.
  • Leverage paid advertising and co-marketing partnerships that will help you promote your ebook to a new audience.
  • Publish posts to social media with a link to your ebook. You can also increase social shares by creating social media share buttons within your ebook, such as the ones at the bottom right of this ebook.

Apart from these, you can also use other marketing strategies to promote your ebook. In fact, I could dedicate a whole blog to how you should market your ebook (check that post out here).

After your content is launched and promoted across your marketing channels, you’ll also want marketing analytics to measure your live product's success.

For instance, you should have landing page analytics that give you insight into how many people downloaded your ebook and converted into leads.

You should also have closed-loop analytics that show how many of those people ultimately converted into opportunities and customers for your business.

And with that, we've built an ebook, folks! You can check out the packaged version of the example I built here:

how to make an ebook

After your content is launched and promoted across your marketing channels, you’ll need to have marketing analytics to measure your ebooks' success.

For instance, have landing page analytics that give you insight into how many people downloaded your ebook or show how many of those downloaders converted into opportunities and customers for your business.

image of hubspot free download datavisualization 101

Data Visualization 101: How to Design Charts and Graphs [Free Download]

Pro tip: I suggest that you don‘t wait until you’re done writing your ebook to promote it. To engage your readers, think about posting teasers on Instagram Stories or sending out a survey about your book cover.

You can even tease your audience by offering them some insights from your ebook. Everyone loves taking a look behind the scenes.

How to Publish an Ebook

Publishing an ebook can be a great way to share your message or content with a wider audience. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to publish an ebook.

1. Convert to eBook format.

Converting your ebook to the appropriate format is necessary to ensure compatibility with your readers and their devices. It allows you to incorporate responsive design elements and preserve the layout of your book.

It provides a consistent reading experience across various devices, ultimately increasing the reach and accessibility of your ebook.

What ebook file format should you use?

Ebooks can be saved in one of several formats. Depending on your end-user, though, you might find a use for any of the following file types:

PDF

PDFs are likely the most well-known file type. The “PDF” extension stands for “Portable Document Format,” and is best for ebooks that are meant to be read on a computer (digital marketers, you’ll want to remember this one).

EPUB

This file type stands for “Electronic Publication,” and is a more flexible ebook format. By that, I mean EPUB ebooks can “reflow” their text to adapt to various mobile devices and tablets.

This allows the ebook‘s text to move on and off different pages based on the device’s size on which a user is reading the ebook.

They're particularly helpful for viewing on smaller screens, such as smartphones and the Nook from Barnes and Noble.

MOBI

The MOBI format originated from the Mobipocket Reader software, which was purchased by Amazon in 2005 but was later shut down in 2016.

However, the MOBI file extension remains a popular ebook format compatible across the major e-readers (except the Nook).

While the format has some limitations, such as not supporting audio or video, it supports DRM, which protects copyrighted material from being copied for distribution or viewed illegally.

Newer Kindle formats are based on the original MOBI file types.

AZW

This is an ebook file type designed for the Kindle, an e-reader device by Amazon. However, users can also open this file format on smartphones, tablets, and computers through the Kindle app.

ODF

ODF stands for OpenDocument Format, a file type meant primarily for OpenOffice, a series of open-source content creation programs similar to Microsoft Office.

IBA

IBA is the proprietary ebook format for the Apple iBooks Author app. This format does support video, sound, images, and interactive elements, but it is only used for books written in iBooks. It is not compatible with other e-readers.

2. Choose a publishing platform.

When choosing a platform, consider factors like reach, royalty rates, distribution channels, ease of use, and the preferences of your target audience.

It may also be worth exploring regional or specialized platforms depending on your ebook's niche or target market.

Here are some popular options:

Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP)

KDP is one of the most popular self-publishing platforms.

It allows you to publish and sell your ebook on the Kindle Store, accessible by millions of Kindle e-readers and Kindle apps.

KDP offers various promotional tools and provides global distribution options.

Apple Books

Apple Books (formerly iBooks) is the ebook platform for Apple devices, including iPhones, iPads, and macOS devices. It provides a seamless reading experience and allows you to publish and sell your ebook on the Apple Books store.

Barnes & Noble Press

Barnes & Noble Press (formerly Nook Press) is the self-publishing platform for Barnes & Noble, one of the largest booksellers in the United States. It allows you to publish and sell your ebook on the Barnes & Noble website and Nook devices.

Kobo Writing Life

Kobo Writing Life is an ebook self-publishing platform associated with Kobo e-readers and apps. It offers global distribution and the ability to set pricing, promotions, and earn royalties from sales.

Draft2Digital

Draft2Digital is a user-friendly ebook distribution platform that helps you publish and distribute your ebook to multiple retailers, such as Amazon, Apple Books, Kobo, Barnes & Noble, and more.

It simplifies the process by handling the conversion, distribution, and payment aspects for you.

3. Create an account and upload your ebook.

Sign up for an account on your chosen platform. Provide the necessary information, such as your name, address, and payment details if required as given in the example below.

how to create and upload your ebook to Kindle

Image Source

Once your account is created, follow the platform’s instructions to upload your ebook file and cover design. Ensure that the files meet the platform’s formatting and size requirements.

You’ll also need to fill out the book details, including title, author name, description, and categories or genres. These details help readers discover and understand your ebook.

4. Set pricing and royalties.

Determine the pricing for your ebook. This determines how much revenue you can generate from each sale. By setting the right price, you can ensure your ebook is competitive in the market while maximizing your earnings.

Once you have your price set, you’ll want to determine your royalty rates, which is the percentage of the ebook's price that you earn as the author or publisher for each sale.

Different ebook publishing platforms offer various royalty structures, and it's important to understand the rates and terms they provide. By setting royalties, you can calculate and predict your earnings from each sale.

You may also want to consider offering your ebook for free.

Although it wouldn’t help generate direct revenue for your company, it can still enhance exposure and attract a larger readership, leading to word-of-mouth promotion and potentially increasing future sales.

Plus, it provides an opportunity to generate leads and build an email list for future engagement.

5. Preview and publish.

Before publishing, preview your ebook to ensure it looks as intended and ensure there are no errors or formatting issues. Once you're satisfied, click the publish button to make your ebook available for purchase.

Keep in mind that the steps mentioned above are general guidelines, and the specific uploading process may vary based on the platform you choose to publish your ebook with.

how to publish and sell your ebook on Google Play

Image Source

Ebook Ideas

So, what should you write about in your ebook? I’ll answer that question with another question: What do you want your readers to get out of this ebook?

To identify an ebook idea that suits your audience, consider the type of ebook you’re trying to create. Here are a few ideas.

New Research

Conducting an experiment or business survey? This is a great way to develop proprietary knowledge and become a thought leader in your industry. But how will you share your findings with the people who care about it?

Create an ebook that describes the experiment, what you intended to find out, the results of the experiment, and what these findings mean for your readers and the market at large.

Case Study

People love success stories, especially if these people are on the fence about purchasing something from you. If you have a client whose business you're particularly proud to have, why not tell their story in an ebook?

Ebook case studies show your buyers that other people trust you and have benefited from your product or service.

In your ebook, describe what your client's challenge was, how you connected with them, and how you were able to help your client solve their challenge and become successful.

Product Demo

The more complex your product is, the more information your customers will need to use it correctly.

If your product or service has many use cases or it's hard to set up alone, dedicate a brief ebook to showing people how to make the most out of it.

For instance, in the first section of your ebook, you can explain how to launch your product or service. The second section can break down the individual features and purposes your product is best used for.

Interview

Are you interested in interviewing a well-known person in your market?

Perhaps you‘ve already sat down with an influencer to pick their brain about the industry’s future. Package this interview into an ebook, making it easy for your customers to read and share your inside scoop.

Playbook

A “playbook” is a document people can use when taking on a new project or concept that is foreign to them. Think of it like a cheat sheet, full of tips and tricks that help your customers get better at what they do.

When done right, a playbook equips your customers with the information they would need to excel when using your product.

For example, a software vendor for IT professionals might create a “virus protection playbook” that makes support teams better at preventing viruses for their respective companies.

Blog Post Series

Sometimes, the best ebook for your business is already strewn across a series of blog posts. If you've spent the last month writing articles all on the same subject for your business, imagine how these posts would look stitched together?

Each article can begin a new chapter.

Then, once this ebook is created, you can promote it on a landing page, link to this landing page from each blog post, and generate leads from readers who want to download the entire blog series in one convenient ebook.

Ebook FAQs

Are ebooks profitable?

Yes, they can be.

Ebooks are high-volume, low-sales-price offers.

This means you’ll need to sell many of them at a relatively low price point to compete in the market and turn a significant profit. Depending on your industry, ebooks can range from free to more than $100.

Before setting a price for your ebook, do some research. Determine who your audience is, what they’re willing to pay, and how many people within your target market might be ready to buy it.

Then, determine the platforms through which you’ll sell your ebook. Amazon? Apple Books? Your website? You can research how much ebooks usually go for on these sites and incorporate this insight into your pricing strategy.

How is an ebook structured?

There‘s no set rule for organizing your content into an ebook. It generally mimics the structure of a novel or textbook (depending on what it is you’re writing about). But, you should be sure to adhere to some aspects of an ebook.

Ebooks typically have a system of chapters and supporting images. Like a blog post, they also do well when further segmenting their text with subheaders that break down the discussion into specific sections.

If you're writing about professional sports, for example, and one of your chapters is about Major League Baseball (MLB) in the U.S., you might want to establish subchapters about the various teams belonging to the MLB.

What can an ebook be about?

Anything. Well, within reason.

Ebooks are simply a marketer's way of delivering lots of critical information in a form their potential customers are most willing to read.

For example, an environmental company might write an ebook about water conservation. They might also focus an ebook entirely on using their water-saving product or how it helped a customer solve a problem.

Research is a significant part of ebook creation, no matter your ebook's topic. Contrary to short-form content like articles and videos, the content of an ebook is predicated on trust and evidence.

A user who obtains (or requests access to) your ebook wants the full story, not just the bullet points. That includes all the content and testing you went through to produce the ebook.

Can you edit an ebook?

Nope.

An ebook can‘t be edited once it’s been saved in one of the major file formats, so it's best to ensure you have an editable version saved in a program like Microsoft Word.

But why would you want your ebook to be uneditable? Making ebooks uneditable ensures the content remains unchanged — both the format and the information — as it's shared between multiple users.

You can edit ebooks if they're saved using an editable PDF, a feature that is specific to Adobe Acrobat. If you have the software, learning how to edit PDFs is simple with Acrobat's user-friendly interface.

How do you read an ebook?

You can read an ebook on many different devices: iPhone, Android smartphones, a Macbook, PC, and e-readers such as the Nook and Kindle.

The latter two devices are typically used to read novels in digital form. Nook and Kindle owners can store thousands of books (literally) on a single Nook or Kindle.

Share your expertise in an ebook.

Ebooks are one of the top converting lead magnets a business can offer to its audience. Creating an ebook is all about delivering high value at a low price point to generate a high sales volume.

Ebooks work well for new businesses looking for brand awareness and established companies securing a spot as an industry thought leader.

So long as you and your team have outlined what success looks like for your ebook launch, you’ll reap the rewards of this stand-alone asset for months — or even years — to come.

So get started on your ebook using the free template available in the offer below.

Editor's note: This post was originally published in November 2018 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

How to Set (Crushable) Marketing Goals, According to HubSpot Pros

Featured Imgs 23

Hey, marketers. Raise your hand if you’ve been personally victimized by big, lofty marketing goals with little to no resources to execute them.

Download Now: Free State of Marketing Report [Updated for 2024]

✋🏽*raises both hands* ✋🏽

In an ideal world, we’d have endless budgets and perfect conditions to work with.

Like stable SERPs and simple social media algorithms. Or consumers who laugh at all of our marketing jokes.

While that’s not (always) the case, it’s still possible to set goals that are both ambitious and attainable.

For inspiration, I’ve compiled a list of the highest-priority goals for marketers this year. And as an added bonus, I asked a few marketing pros here at HubSpot to share some of their top tips for goal setting.

Table of Contents

The Goals Marketers (Actually) Want to Reach This Year

Earlier this year, we surveyed over 1,400 marketers to better understand the current state of marketing. These five goals bubbled to the surface for marketers who implemented winning strategies in 2023.

P.S. You’ll see some familiar faces like increased revenue and reaching new audiences, but the way marketers are thinking about these goals is changing with the times.

top five goals for marketers in 2024

1. Increase revenue and sales.

24% of marketers listed increasing revenue and sales as their top goal for 2024.

Everything we do as marketers ultimately rolls up into the bottom line of the business, so it’s no surprise that this continues to be a top priority.

As Amanda Sellers, manager of EN blog strategy at HubSpot, puts it, “Everything I do as a marketer should ultimately help the organization I work for to grow revenue.”

Here’s how you can make progress toward this goal: 75% of marketers believe personalized experiences drive sales and repeat business. So, building connections and developing relationships across the buyer’s journey is a must.

2. Increase brand awareness and reach new audiences.

19% of marketers listed increasing brand awareness and reaching new audiences as their top goal for 2024.

Sounds pretty standard, but the way we generate awareness and reach today is a lot different than in years past.

It’s wild out here, truly. People are discovering brands from their favorite influencers instead of more traditional methods like paid media. And brands are capitalizing on popular TikTok sounds and trends to appeal to younger audiences.

For example, why is Canva, an online design brand, talking about cucumber salad? Because TikTok user Logan (@logagm) recently went viral for his “sometimes, you need to eat an entire cucumber” recipes.

Here’s how you can make progress toward this goal: Keep a pulse on brand sentiment and visibility in search and on social media. Marketing is becoming more intelligent by the day, so it’s important to understand how people perceive you and learn about your products.

3. Increase engagement.

19% of marketers listed increasing engagement as their top goal for 2024.

What’s that? Oh, nothing.

Just us marketers asking consumers to like/comment/subscribe … again.

In my opinion, the brands that tap into the latest trends in meaningful ways win the engagement olympics every time.

And sometimes that means not participating in every trend — especially if it’s not a good fit for your brand or your audience.

Either way, I know this is all easier said than done. That’s why keeping up with trends is one of the biggest challenges that marketers are facing this year.

Here’s how you can make progress toward this goal: The majority of marketers agree that website/blog/SEO, social media shopping, and short-form video are the channels with highest ROI right now. Consider focusing your efforts there.

4. Improve sales-marketing alignment.

16% of marketers listed improving sales-marketing alignment as their top goal for 2024.

Customers want their buying experiences to be seamless. That’s next to impossible if your marketing and sales teams aren’t on the same page.

Our survey shows that 70% of marketers report having “high quality leads,” but alignment with sales is still one of the biggest challenges they face.

From wasted marketing budgets to lost sales, the consequences of misalignment are huge. I can see why this is a priority for marketing teams this year.

Here’s how you can make progress toward this goal: The key to alignment is centralized data. Establish a single source of truth (read: CRM) that will allow your organization to share data and collaborate more effectively.

5. Drive traffic to their brand’s website.

15% of marketers listed driving traffic to their brand’s website as their top goal for 2024.

This one’s a big yes from me as a blogger. How can we get more views on our content while battling algorithm update (after algorithm update, after … ) in the SERP?

Well, on the HubSpot Blog Team, we knew we had no choice but to evolve.

  • Google wants to prioritize experience-based content? Cool, we’ll give you first-person perspectives and emphasize our opinions as marketers in our writing.
  • AI-powered search is taking over the Internet? Great, let’s optimize our content and continue building authority for that, too.

You have to shift your strategy in order to continue gaining traffic in 2024 (and beyond). That’s a fact.

Here’s how you can make progress toward this goal: Do a regular analysis of how your brand is performing online. For example, you can use tools like AI Search Grader to understand how search AI models view your brand and to identify new traffic-driving plays to lock in on.

Goal-Setting Tips from HubSpot Marketing Pros

As a senior marketer and HubSpot’s Marketing Blog editor, I’d have to say the biggest tip I follow is making sure my goals allow me to meet my audience where they are.

In other words, it’s not all about me. Harsh reality, tbh.

If I’m setting a goal to build my presence on TikTok (because I love TikTok and all of my favorite brands are on TikTok), but most of my audience is on Instagram … What's the point?

Here are some more gems from my fellow marketers.

1. Understand how your work ties back to the broader business goals.

According to Karla Hesterberg, director of content marketing at HubSpot, you never have to fully start from scratch when setting your marketing goals. That’s because your goals should always reflect the overarching business strategy.

“Your organization has broader goals, and it‘s your job to figure out how to meaningfully connect your work to them,” Hesterberg says. “Use your organization’s broader goals as a starting place.”

goal-setting tip from Karla Hesterberg, director of content marketing at HubSpot, Your organization has broader goals, and it's your job to figure out how to meaningfully connect your work to them.

She continues, “I start by looking at the biggest things the overall business is trying to solve for. Then, I see where my team‘s work fits into that picture and can have the most impact.

That makes it easier to look at the scope of what we’re working on and determine which things connect back to the business and which things are in the ‘nice to have’ category.”

2. Use your biggest opportunities (or headwinds) as a starting point.

“For setting team objectives, I like to use our biggest opportunities or headwinds as a starting point and go from there,” says Hesterberg.

“Ideally, everything we‘re working on — from big initiatives to smaller projects — should be connected back to those central things we’re solving for.”

We take those big opportunities and challenges and contextualize them into what we want to accomplish. At HubSpot, that materializes as our OGPs (objectives, goals, and plays).

Here’s an example from Sellers on how she uses OGPs to help guide the EN blog strategy at HubSpot:

  • An objective describes what we’re setting out to achieve. For example, I work on the EN blog, and one of my objectives might be to improve our content quality according to Google’s new Helpful Content guidelines.
  • The goal itself defines what success looks like using concrete metrics. For example, we might forecast the outcome to yield an estimated X organic visits and/or Y monetizable leads from those visits.
  • A play is what we’ll do to achieve our objective. For example, one play that ladders up to the objective might be to implement a peer feedback program for quality assurance.”

“The ideal outcome is that every action or task clearly ladders up. This helps with prioritization, alignment, and so much more.”

Having a framework like this ensures that our priorities are aligned at every level of the organization.

3. Use data to inform the “why” behind your approach.

“If you don’t know the ‘why’ behind a project you’re working on, you should pump the brakes and find out,” says Sellers.

Honestly, yeah. The biggest waste of marketing resources is doing things for no reason or with little value add. Stepping back to determine the ‘why’ helps you prioritize the actions and projects that will actually move the needle.

goal-setting tip from Amanda Sellers, manager of EN blog strategy at HubSpot, If you don’t know the ‘why’ behind a project you’re working on, you should pump the brakes and find out.

Sellers also notes the importance of data during the goal-setting process.

“Historical data is so important when estimating impact to set goals. If you don’t have historical data, seek out a case study. Either of these options are better than an uninformed guess.”

*mic drop*

4. Try not to limit yourself to what feels possible today.

This is one of my favorite tips because it tells me it’s okay to think big even when resources seem limited.

Basha Coleman, principal marketing manager at HubSpot, says, “Don‘t assume that something can’t be done. Challenge yourself to work through the obstacles to achieve as close to the ideal solution as possible.”

She continues, “Think about the problem and the ideal solution. Don‘t limit the solution to what’s possible today — think big, idealistic, and as if nothing is impossible. Then, once the solution is identified, figure out what you'd need to start, stop, or continue doing to get to that solution.

Those start, stop, and continue items are the detailed tactics you need to complete to achieve your goals.”

Go(al) for Gold

You’ve seen what other marketers’ goals look like this year, and you’ve heard from the pros on how to set your own. Let’s go — it’s time to tackle this thing we call marketing the right way.

Creating Your Brand Voice: A Complete Guide

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Even if you’re brand new to brand voice, you already know exactly what it is. I promise.

Think of a few of your favorite brands, and consider why they’re favs. The product or service probably has a lot to do with it, but that’s only part of the story — a brand’s voice or personality is also a major factor in consumer loyalty. 

Free Kit: How to Build a Brand [Download Now]

Think about the overall vibe of your favorite brand — is it friendly? Authoritative? Funny? That’s brand voice at work.

A well-defined brand voice can underscore your authority, play up your playfulness, or simply bring the directness and relatability that consumers look for in brands. A poorly defined voice, or one that changes frequently, undermines your brand and alienates customers or clients.

So let’s talk about how to start from scratch by looking at the elements that form a brand’s voice, plus 10 examples to inspire you.

Table of Contents

Your company’s voice should resonate with your audience and build trust with them. In the U.S. market, 90% of consumers say it’s important to trust the brands they buy or use.

Your brand voice shows your customers what to expect from your company’s content, services, and even customer service.

Why Brand Voice is Important

Brand voice is a little bit like a brand ambassador.

You’ll make certain assumptions about an unfamiliar brand if its ambassadors are clad in pink cowboy hats or in black three-piece suits. And you’ll know immediately whether you’re the target audience.

A brand’s voice is usually defined by four or so adjectives that immediately convey whether you’re a pink cowboy hat kind of brand (bubbly, playful, youthful, irreverent) or a black three-piece suit kind of brand (somber, formal, authoritative, exclusive).

Every bit of copy that your brand produces, whether it’s the About Us page on your website or the game on the back of a cereal box, should exude your brand’s distinct voice.

Put some thought into those four(ish) adjectives — we’ll show you how — because your brand voice has to translate across multiple platforms, and potentially even across countries and cultures.

It has an important internal function, too. A well-defined brand voice establishes a cohesive set of guidelines for your writers, marketers, content creators, and even graphic designers.

“Well-defined” is key here — you can throw a bunch of adjectives at the wall and hope something sticks, but without a solid explanation of what “clear, helpful, human, and kind” means, you’re in danger of muddied or inconsistent content.

HubSpot’s style guide, for instance, specifies that “we favor clarity above all. The clever and cute should never be at the expense of the clear.” It also gives multiple examples of what “clear,” “helpful,” “human,” and “kind” actually look like in our copy — a godsend for contractors and new hires.

Once you’ve nailed down your brand’s voice, you’ll find it easier to speak directly to your audience, attract new customers or users, and express your brand’s distinctiveness.

Creating a Brand Voice

Bring your customers into the conversation so they feel connected to your brand. If a potential customer feels like you‘re talking directly to them, then you’re doing brand voice right.

1. Start with your company's mission.

Your own values, and your company’s mission, are critical as you embark on your brand voice journey.

It’s how HubSpot’s social media team translated the brand voice to LinkedIn — and got 84% more engagement in just six months.

I asked Emily Kearns, HubSpot’s Senior Manager, Social Media, to tell me more.

“So much of what is good about HubSpot is the culture and how we treat each other — just the overall vibe,” she says. “And there was a huge opportunity to take that into the social space.”

HubSpot’s brand voice is clear, helpful, human, and kind, and Kearns says that the social media team used that as its foundation. “Human and authentic — that’s just table stakes,” she says.

But there are different ways to express clarity, helpfulness, humanness, and kindness. Where our official product descriptions might require a little more gravitas, our Instagram account can translate the HubSpot culture into ~vibes~.

Since it began reinterpreting HubSpot’s corporate voice on social media in 2023, our HubSpot social team has earned a 2024 Webby nomination in the category of Social, B2B.

Lauren Naturale, the social media manager at Tides, a nonprofit that advances social justice, agrees that values are foundational to your brand voice. “You cannot take a values-based approach to marketing if your company is not actually living or enacting those values in any meaningful way.”

Tweet from Merriam-Webster on January 22, 2017. “📈A fact is a piece of information presented as having objective reality.“

Naturale was also the first social media manager at Merriam-Webster, where she developed the dictionary’s social media presence from practically nothing — “they would post the word of the day to all the social channels once a day” — into a must-follow.

She says that Merriam-Webster didn’t have the kind of strategy deck that a big corporation would have sunk a lot of money into. What it did have was “very well articulated, shared values around how interesting language was, how important it was, and the fact that it is always changing.”

She sums those values up: “Words and language are not cultural capital. They're not the property of the elite. You can care about words and language and also be interested in the way that language is changing.”

From those values, she built what is now a well-known brand voice (never mind the 456% increase in Twitter audience she ushered in).

2. Use your buyer persona as inspiration for your brand voice.

Your buyer persona should answer a few vital questions: Who are you trying to reach? What do they need from your brand? What can your brand offer them that no one else can?

Audience research can help you identify other types of content that are reliably appealing to your audience.

Tools like Google Analytics, or even a simple survey of your audience, can help you determine or confirm other sites that your readers frequent.

Ryan Shattuck, a digital media strategist who managed Dictionary.com’s social media for four years, tells me, “Knowing your audience is obvious, but I would take it a step further. Respect your audience.”

“Knowing your audience is obvious, but I would take it a step further. Respect your audience.—Ryan Shattuck, Digital media strategist”

Dictionary.com’s buyer persona — or its target users — likely paints a picture of somebody who does the New York Times’ Connections word game as soon as the clock strikes midnight.

“I think it’s safe to assume that the people who follow a dictionary account on Instagram are also people who read books and do crossword puzzles,” as Shattuck puts it.

“And so I can make a joke about the Oxford comma. I can use a meme to share the etymology of a word.”

If your voice doesn't resonate with your audience, keep experimenting.

3. Look at your best-performing content.

If you've already been publishing content for a few months or even years, take a look at your top-performing pieces to find out what’s resonating with your audience.

How would you describe your brand voice in that content? It might be assured and authoritative, with deep topical knowledge backed up by original research. It could be playful and irreverent, using memes and pop-culture references to connect with your audience.

Make a list of adjectives that describe your voice in your top-performing pieces, and highlight the common elements. From there, you can start to make strategic decisions about which elements should be replicated across your brand.

It’s also helpful to research the content formats that perform the best in your industry and geographic location. (Pro tip: It’s probably short-form video.)

4. Make a list of do‘s and don’ts.

If you get stuck trying to define your brand voice, try defining what you don’t want it to be.

For instance, perhaps your team brainstorms the following statements:

Our brand voice is not pretentious.

Our brand voice is not too serious.

Our brand voice is not grandiose.

Our brand voice is not unfriendly.

Once you've taken a look at these statements, you can begin forming the antithesis. For example, the above list might yield a brand voice that’s down to earth, funny, informal, and humble.

5. If necessary, use a third-party agency to determine brand voice.

Forbes' BrandVoice is a media partnership program that helps brands reach and resonate with their audiences through expert consultancy and direct access to Forbes audiences.

Take a look at how Cole Haan worked with Forbes to create content related to style, arts, travel, social impact, and more. Each piece uses a unique voice to target the intended audience for that category.

If you're struggling to create a unique brand voice or you don’t know how to adapt your vision to the different areas of your business, consider using a program like BrandVoice or a third-party content marketing agency. This will help you take your brand’s game to the next level.

6. Create a communications document so all of your content is aligned.

Once you‘ve created your brand voice, you’ll want to ensure your entire company can use that voice in all marketing materials.

If your company only uses internal writers, consider creating a training course for new staff so they can learn how to write for your brand. If you work with external guest contributors, you'll want to make public-facing guidelines to ensure all your writing captures the appropriate voice.

7. Fill out a brand voice template with 3 - 5 core voice characteristics.

Use a table to formalize your process. Write down three to five core characteristics you‘ve determined are important for your brand’s voice and how your writers can use these traits in their writing.

This step is important for translating ideas into action — how can your writers create a “humble, authentic voice” in their writing?

Give some examples or tactical advice to make it easy for your brand voice to come through in all of your content, regardless of byline.

To explore what a template could look like in practice, take a look at the brand voice template below.

Top Tips from the Pros

Although social media is just one component of a brand’s voice, it’s often the most public and the most prolific. So I asked the social media pros I talked to for this article for their top tips on crafting a brand voice.

1. Be human.

Kearns says to ask yourself, “Would a real person say this? Is there something in here that is relatable, and that someone can connect to?”

“It’s not a dictionary sitting at a computer,” Shattuck tells me. “It’s a real person.”

Screencap of a tweet and a threaded reply from Dictionary.com on April 3, 2021. The first tweet says, “Did you know: The name ‘Godzilla’ is the Anglicized version of the Japanese name ‘Gojira,’ which is a combination of two Japanese words: gorilla and whale.” The threaded tweet says, “Our social media manager is watching #GodzillaVsKong this evening, and figured others would be equally interested in this vital information.”

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2. Respect your audience.

It bears repeating: Don’t just know your audience. Respect them.

3. Reflect your brand’s product and culture.

You won’t win authenticity points if you’re trying to mimic another brand’s culture. Conversely, if you have a great company culture — channel it and celebrate it in your social accounts.

“Brand Voice Pro Tips. 1. Be human. 2. Respect your audience. 3. Reflect your brand’s product and culture. 4. Be culturally relevant, but not at the expense of your brand identity.”

4. Be culturally relevant, but not at the expense of your brand identity.

This doesn’t mean you should meme-ify everything — but it does mean that memes are fair game if you stay on-brand.

Shattuck said that at Dictionary.com, he always asked himself, “Is this post educational? Is it entertaining?” If he couldn’t answer “yes” to both,, he knew the post wouldn’t do well because it wasn’t adding any value.

Brand Voice Examples

Before you start crafting your unique voice, turn to role models who have perfected their tone. Here are 10 examples to get you started.

You can see other distinct brand voices in the video below.

1. HubSpot

A year ago, you’d be more likely to find a product description on HubSpot’s social media than a meme about brat summer.

But then the social team began experimenting with a more Gen Z and millennial tone of voice.

It’s still a work in progress, Kearns tells me, and every month the team takes a close look at what performs well and what doesn’t. “We’re figuring out how we talk about the HubSpot product in a way that is interesting and adds value and is culturally relevant.”

Cultural relevance and timeliness are major considerations for the social team. Kearns says she’s always asking herself how they can connect the HubSpot product to “something hyper relevant, or something that managers are going through right now.”

“If we just talk about our product in a vacuum, even with our fun brand voice layered on top of it, it might fall flat.”

Kearns says that although your brand voice should be identifiable and consistent, “it should have a little bit of flexibility” so you can adapt it to different platforms.

2. Duolingo

Duo the owl is the face that launched a thousand memes.

Screencap of Duolingo’s voice qualities: Expressive, playful, embracing, and worldly.

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The feathery embodiment of the Duolingo brand voice, Duo is “expressive, playful, embracing, and worldly.” That’s according to Duolingo’s brand guide, which also notes that Duo is both “persistent” and “slightly awkward.”

Duolingo’s defined brand voice includes a “brand personality” section that describes who Duolingo would be as a celebrity (Trevor Noah), a vehicle (a Vespa), and a song (Queen’s “Don’t Stop Me Now”).

Duolingo’s Senior Global Social Media Manager, Zaria Parvez, told Contagious in a 2023 interview, “Dream big, but iterate small.”

If you’ve spent any time on the clock app, you’re familiar with Duo’s occasionally unhinged antics — which all started with Parvez asking to take over Duolingo’s then-dormant TikTok account.

3. Title Nine

A woman-owned and women-focused athleticwear company, Title Nine combines a friendly “aww shucks” vibe with a triumphant fist pump.

Freelance copywriter Robyn Gunn writes on her website that T9 brought her in to write copy that “reinforce[s] the brand's badass, ballsy DNA that differentiates it from ‘softer’ competitors in the category.”

Title Nine’s “Who We Are” page encapsulates this voice perfectly: It’s written in clear, simple language that underscores the brand’s love of the outdoors and its enduring support of women.

Screencap of Title Nine’s “Who We Are” webpage.

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This graphic from its online store brings out a more playful side of Title Nine’s brand voice, evident in the bright colors and patterns, the casual typeface that “Trail Shop” uses, and the invitation to “track in some dirt.”

Screencap of a Title Nine product page. Brightly colored clothes are arranged under the text, “track in some dirt.”

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Title Nine doesn’t have a publicly accessible brand guide, but I’d describe its voice as friendly, powerful, playful, and direct.

4. Who Gives a Crap

True story: A customer service rep at Capital One once had to read me a list of recent credit card charges so I could confirm whether they were mine or a fraud.

Poor dude was clearly mortified at having to read “Who Gives a Crap” out loud, saying, “This is the company name, I am just reading this off a list, it is not me saying this.”

So he’s maybe not WGaC’s target audience, which is considerably more relaxed on the topic of toilet paper.

WGaC’s “About Us” page tells a tale of toilet jokes and changing the world. Successfully combining something so ridiculous with a very real and very serious global problem is no easy task, but the ability to walk that line nicely sums up the brand’s voice.

Screencap of Who Gives A Crap’s “About Us” page.

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“Making a difference in the world” can be a hard value to channel in a brand voice, since the brand (and the people behind it) have to demonstrably live up to the promise of effecting change.

Who Gives a Crap gives a lot of specific details that indicate that lack of access to a toilet is an issue that the founders genuinely care about. The product descriptions do the same. Take this one for a special poetry edition TP (I am not making this up):

Screencap of Who Gives a Crap’s Poetry Edition toilet paper.

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“Create an ode in the commode” is pretty hard to beat for terrible poetry. The product description ends with, “And since we donate 50% of profits, you’re not just building ballads, you’re doing good, too!” — a reminder of the brand’s promise in a goofy, casual tone.

WGaC’s brand voice might be described as cheeky (pun absolutely intended), lighthearted but rooted in a cause that’s deeply serious, informal, and conversational.

5. Poppi

Poppi soda blares its voice from the moment you land on its eye-searing bright pink and yellow website. Known for having a Gen Z-friendly voice, DrinkPoppi.com looks more like a neon Instagram feed than a website for flavored sparkling water.

Its “About Us” page brags about “new besties” like Billie Eilish and Post Malone, and even its newsletter sign-up says, “Let’s be friends.”

Screencap of Poppi’s email signup. “Let’s be friends.”

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The creative agency responsible for Poppi’s branding describes “the world of Poppi” as “quirky, nostalgic, and vibrant.” I’d add to that “informal” or “casual.”

6. Spotify

Whether you‘re watching a TV ad, driving past a billboard, or scrolling Spotify’s social accounts, you'll see a consistent voice. The brand’s tone is consistently funny, edgy, direct, and concise.

For instance, take a look at this video, which is part of a Spotify advertisement campaign from 2019, “Let the Song Play.”

As you can see, Spotify doesn‘t take itself too seriously. The ad makes fun of people who get so emotionally invested in a song that they won’t resume their plans until the song ends.

You‘ll see a similar brand voice play out on Spotify’s social channels. On its Twitter account, for instance, the brand often posts tweets related to new music in a casual, friendly manner.

Screencap of Spotify tweet.

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If Spotify‘s brand were a person, she would be witty, sarcastic, and up-to-date on today’s pop culture references. You‘ll see that personality play out across all of Spotify’s communication channels.

7. Mailchimp

When exploring Mailchimp's brand voice, turn to the company’s Content Style Guide.

In the Style Guide, Mailchimp writes, “We want to educate people without patronizing or confusing them. Using offbeat humor and a conversational voice, we play with language to bring joy to their work.… We don't take ourselves too seriously.”

Screencap of Mailchimp’s style guide.

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Even in the Style Guide, you can hear Mailchimp's brand voice shine through. The company consistently achieves a conversational, direct, playful voice in all its content.

For instance, in this blog post, the brand writes about various “highly unscientific personas”, including the fainting goat. The email service provider describes this persona by saying, "when startled, its muscles stiffen up and it falls right over.”

They then link out to this hilarious video.

As you can see from this example, you can evoke brand voice in subtle yet effective ways. If the blogger had instead written, “If a goat is scared, it becomes nervous. The animal's muscles contract and it faints as a result”, the writer would've evoked a voice more aligned with a scientific journal than Mailchimp.

Screencap of Mailchimp’s brand persona.

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8. Fenty Beauty

The About Us page for Rihanna's beauty company reads, "Before she was BadGalRiRi: music, fashion and beauty icon, Robyn Rihanna Fenty was a little girl in Barbados transfixed by her mother’s lipstick.

The first time she experienced makeup for herself, she never looked back. Makeup became her weapon of choice for self-expression."

It‘s clear, even just through this short snippet, that Fenty Beauty’s voice is bold, direct, and poetic. Language like “transfixed by her mother's lipstick” and “her weapon of choice for self-expression” reinforce this voice. However, the tone is also undeniably casual — the way you might talk to your best friend.

Screencap of Rihanna’s Fenty Beauty “About Us.”

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You'll see this voice play out across all Fenty social channels, including this YouTube video description:

Screencap from a Fenty Beauty YouTube video description.

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The first statement, “The blur is REAL!” — along with phrases like “No-makeup makeup look”, and the shortening of the word “combination” — all evoke a sense of friendliness.

The brand voice matches its target audience perfectly: youthful millennials and Gen-Zers who care about makeup as an opportunity for authentic expression.

9. Clare Paint

Clare, an online paint site, has created a mature, spirited, and cheerful brand voice to evoke a breezy, girl-next-door feel to their branded content.

For instance, consider the title of one of their recent blog posts, “6 Stylish Rooms on Instagram That Make a Strong Case For Pink Walls.”

The post uses phrases like “millennial pink”, “pink walls have obvious staying power”, and “designers and DIY enthusiasts alike have embraced the playful shade with open arms.”

The brand’s language is friendly, chic, and professional, relating to its readers while simultaneously demonstrating the brand's home decor expertise.

Screencap from Clare Paint’s blog. “6 Stylish Rooms on Instagram That Make a Strong Case for Pink Walls.”

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This voice is clear across channels. Take a look at this Instagram post, for instance.

Screencap of Clare Paint’s Instagram feed.

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“When baby's first bedroom is on your grown-up vision board” makes the brand feel like a good-natured older (and more fashionable) sister. The reference to the COO‘s baby boy is another opportunity to make authentic connections with Clare’s followers.

10. Skittles

Skittles often posts hilarious social media posts that strip away any promotional, phony language so you're left with something much more real.

Take this tweet, which reads: “Vote Skittles for Best Brand on Twitter so we can keep our jobs!”

Screencap of a Skittles tweet. “We need your help today. Help us win this so our bosses think we’re doing a good job.”

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The brand voice, which is clever and original, does a good job of making prospects and customers feel like they‘re chatting with a mischievous employee behind-the-scenes. The “I can’t believe they just posted that” factor keeps the content fresh and exciting.

Plus, the brand does a good job making pop culture references, like this Mean Girls reference, to highlight the brand's youthfulness.

Screencap of a Skittles tweet.

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Skittles’ use of absurdity and humor plays into their iconic commercials. In one 2022 ad, the company pokes fun at targeted ads.

While two people watch a youtube video, they comment that their ads are so targeted that it feels as if Skittles is listening in on their conversation. Then, a man with a boom mike drops through the floor.

 

Skittles expertly keeps the same tone across media, showing their brand’s commitment to their voice.

Brand Voice Template

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Looking to make a template for your own brand voice? HubSpot is here to help! You can fill out this blank Google Sheet template with your own brand voice characteristics.

Fill out the remaining cells, and send them along to your team.

It‘s important to note, you’ll be prompted to make a Google Drive copy of the template, which isn't possible without a Google account.

Crafting Your Voice

And there you have it! You're well on your way toward building a strong, compelling brand voice for your own business.

Logo, color palette, and font are all important aspects of branding. But beyond that, a good brand starts with good content. And good content can’t exist without a strong voice.

Editor's Note: This post was originally published in April 2021 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

7 Key Influencer Marketing Trends in 2024

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Influencer marketing is one of the most powerful and most effective forms of digital marketing available today.

With a market value of over $21 billion dollars, over 3X the value since 2019, influencer marketing continues to grow as it provides a level playing field for both big and small brands to compete for the user’s attention.

According to a survey by Matter Communications, 81% of people claimed they’ve made purchases based on recommendations from influencers, friends, and family.

Unlike other traditional forms of marketing, influencer marketing evolves with new trends, strategies, and concepts. Each year, you’ll see something new and different that brings better results for your campaigns.

In this post, we take a deep dive into some of these newest influencer marketing trends to see how you can leverage them to get better returns on investment (ROI). These methods might not be as effective next year so it’s better to take advantage of them right now!

1. Rise of AI Influencers

It’s no secret that most influencers on social media platforms now utilize some form of AI in their content creation process to make everything look perfect, whether it’s writing better captions, generating AI images, or even enhancing their everyday photos with a little bit of AI editing.

However, real influencers will have to do much more than that to stay relevant as they now have new competition from an entirely new group of influencers that are even more seemingly perfect.

ai influencer instagram

Miquela is just one of many AI influencers currently taking over social media platforms. With more than 2.5 million followers, this AI influencer is not even the biggest account of its kind.

While it’s a new concept, most of these AI influencer accounts are already creating sponsored content and brands do not hesitate to get their products reviewed by an AI personality.

The same trend can be seen across all social media platforms from VTubers on YouTube to AI models on Instagram and TikTok. Facebook is also working on a new AI personality model that allows creators to make AI representations of themselves.

At this rapid rate of advancements in AI, it’s difficult to predict how big of an impact it will have on social media.

2. TikTok Domination

60-second videos are still the “king” of social media marketing and TikTok is still in the lead on that front. Especially when it comes to targeting Gen-Z audiences, TikTok is the go-to platform for marketing campaigns.

statista social media platforms

(Source: Statista)

Even though TikTok ranks at the 5th position in terms of the number of monthly active users, it is the most popular platform among brands for influencer marketing. 66% of brands use TikTok for their influencer marketing campaigns, with only 47% using Instagram, 33% YouTube, and 28% Facebook.

Even though Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook have also implemented their own versions of short-form content formats, TikTok still dominates the Gen-Z market with its trend-making content creation system.

3. Growth of Nano-Influencers

Gone are the days of looking up to celebrities for fashion and lifestyle advice. Now, younger audiences, especially Gen-Zers, turn to smaller influencers for fashion advice.

According to another study by Matter Communications, 60% to 70% of consumers prefer advice from small influencers who are experts in their field while only 17% to 22% listen to popular celebrities.

micro influencers tiktok

(Source: TikTok)

In fact, the smaller the follower count the better. Engagement rates were much higher for influencers with 1,000 to 10,000 followers (nano-influencers) than influencers with 10,000 to 50,000 followers (micro-influencers).

The biggest reason for this is authenticity. Smaller influencers put more effort and energy into creating more original content and having closer relationships with their audience.

4. Niche Trends vs Global Trends

Going viral on a social media platform is still a shot in the dark. With changing algorithms and audience interests, no one can predict what the next meme or trending hashtag could be. While big brands are still making bets on these global trends, smaller brands and businesses are now slowly turning towards niche trends.

google trends local trending

(Source: Google Trends)

Local and niche trends are much easier to target than taking a shot at a trending global hashtag or an event. Small brands have a much higher chance of going viral on a small scale with niche trends, making it easier to even target specific local audiences.

Working with small, local influencers is the key to success in niche trends. Finding micro and nano influencers who specialize in a niche market will make it much easier to target your ideal audience and create trendy content that goes viral.

5. Long-term Campaigns

Influencer marketing is a marathon, not a sprint. You can’t convince your target audience to buy your product over a more established, competing product with just a single TikTok video. It takes long-term campaigns and partnerships to achieve that goal.

This is why many businesses now set aside marketing budgets specifically for content and influencer marketing. According to a HubSpot report, 50% of marketers plan on increasing their content marketing budgets this year.

long term partnerships youtube

(Source: YouTube)

As a result, most brands are now establishing long-term partnerships with influencers. Some even go as far as making ambassador-like partnerships that allows influencers to promote products exclusively from a single brand.

It’s an effective way to win over an audience rather than one-time sponsorships from an influencer who promotes products from different brands without consistency.

6. Livestream Shopping & User-Generated Content (UGC)

Leveraging user-generated content (UGC) in social media marketing is nothing new. It’s been an effective strategy for many years. However, a new trend in UGC offers a more effective, multi-layered approach that brings much higher benefits.

It involves partnering with influencers to encourage their audience to create content about a product. Usually, a giveaway or some sort of a prize is necessary for this process, sometimes even asking the audience to involve their friends as a part of the process.

This type of marketing greatly benefits the brand as it generates buzz around the product and the brand on multiple levels.

whatnot

Livestream shopping plays a huge role in this process as well. Platforms like Whatnot are allowing content creators and influencers to easily create shopping experiences and involve their audiences in the process.

7. Influencer Seeding

Sending influencers free product samples, also known as influencer seeding, is still an effective strategy used in social media marketing. While it’s not as engaging as sponsored partnerships, this strategy allows much smaller businesses without big marketing budgets to create a presence for their brand.

Influencer Seeding

(Source: TikTok)

A better way to approach this method is to create personalized packages that show the influencers how much you appreciate them and what they are doing. Including several additional free product samples for a giveaway will also get their attention.

Conclusion

As you can see, there are many different opportunities and ways to approach influencer marketing. Big or small, every brand can use these influencer trends to create awareness and reach new audiences. Be on the lookout for the latest trends and leverage them to beat the competition.

Press This: WordPress as a Design Tool—Empowering Users to Create

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Welcome to Press This, a podcast that delivers valuable insights and actionable tips for navigating the ever-evolving world of WordPress.  In this episode, host Brian Gardner and Automattic Product Lead Rich Tabor, unpack WordPress’s design potential, highlighting its evolving features and the power it offers website builders. Powered by RedCircle Brian Gardner: Hey everybody, welcome

The post Press This: WordPress as a Design Tool—Empowering Users to Create appeared first on WP Engine.

7 Ways to Use AI for A/B Testing: An In-Depth Guide [+ Expert Tips]

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Experimentation is central to making evidence-based decisions, and this is where A/B testing has always shined.

Free Download: A/B Testing Guide and Kit

But with the advent of AI, we now have tools for AI A/B testing, making experimentation smarter, faster, and infinitely more manageable.

AI A/B testing gets you real-time reports and lets you test multiple hypotheses in a few clicks. To explore the magic that AI brings to A/B testing, I spoke with CRO experts who shared their unique insights.

On top of that, I’ll also take you through the benefits, limitations, and best practices for integrating AI into your A/B testing process.

In this article:

headshots of CRO experts who are featured in this post

Why use AI for A/B testing?

A/B testing is a research method used to analyze landing pages, user interfaces, or other marketing prototypes to determine the best version before full rollout.

You split your audience into two groups or more. One sees the control (A; original version), while the other interacts with the variant (B; modified version). Tracking interactions, analyzing results, and refining content follows.

With AI, you automate much of this heavy lifting. You get clear, actionable insights without the usual headaches because AI takes the guesswork out of the following:

  • Testing idea development. AI systems, particularly those using machine learning like ChatGPT, can sift through massive datasets. They can help generate fresh test ideas and refine suggestions as you amass more data. Need inspiration? I like this Advertising A/B Testing ChatGPT prompts created by advertising agency Anything is Possible Media Ltd.

Advertising AB testing tool

Image Source

  • Data modeling and analysis. Quality data is the foundation for solid and reliable A/B tests. AI helps by cleaning data, i.e., removing errors, duplicates, and inconsistencies that could skew test results.
  • Test customization. Say you have a mix of local and foreign visitors on your site. A 50/50 split may only attract local traffic since perks requiring in-store visits won’t appeal to international shoppers. AI ensures this testing only reaches locals.
  • Testing process. AI systems like VWO set up experiments, track user interactions in real-time, analyze performance metrics, and offer suggestions for improvement. This automation reduces manual effort and speeds up testing cycles.
  • Variant generation. Instead of manually creating each test version, AI generates new variants based on your criteria. It tests multiple ideas at once and prioritizes the most promising ones.

Artificial intelligence can help you sidestep the usual pitfalls of human-led A/B testing. Here’s how AI and traditional methods stack up against each other.

chart that compares traditional and AI-led a/b testing

With AI handling everything from setup to analysis, you can ditch the old-school grind for clearer, faster insights. Let’s explore how these efficiencies benefit your A/B testing strategy and set you up for success.

Benefits of AI in A/B Testing

AI streamlines your workflow and generates more accurate insights faster. Here are the top benefits that make AI indispensable for A/B testing.

Faster, Broader Data Reach

Humans take days or even weeks to gather and analyze data. Meanwhile, AI processes heaps of variables — think hundreds of web pages or app feature versions — at lightning speed.

Jon MacDonald, CEO of The Good, has reaped the benefits of this well-oiled efficiency:

“Since we build rapid prototypes quite often, using AI has helped us code A/B tests faster and without bugs. We’re able to produce rapid prototypes quickly, increasing our testing volume and rapidly validating hypotheses.”

AI distinguishes subtle correlations within large datasets, helping you prioritize and evaluate the right variants. Thus, you get results faster and make smarter decisions without getting bogged down by lengthy analysis.

Improved Accuracy

Manual error and cognitive biases can skew the results and interpretation of A/B tests. This study on advertising A/B testing demonstrates how AI improves accuracy in these four dimensions:

1. Targeting. Machine learning lets you create detailed audience segments. Some AI tools even allow for real-time, targeted adjustments based on live data.

2. Personalization. Using Recommendation System and Virtual Assistant technology, AI tailors content to individual preferences. Each A/B test variation only shows up for users with similar interests.

3. Content creation. Generative AI and Natural Language Processing (NLP) enhance ad content quality and diversity. You can leverage it to generate consistent, high-quality ad variations.

4. Ad optimization. Deep Learning and Reinforcement Learning adjust advertising strategies dynamically. It optimizes factors like ad placement, timing, and frequency based on live performance data.

AI improves accuracy at every stage of A/B testing. It fine-tunes your test parameters, ensures optimal testing for all variants, and provides deeper insights into user interactions.

Predictive Capabilities

AI doesn’t stop at analyzing past data. It also predicts future trends to forecast how users respond to changes and make proactive adjustments.

Advanced tools such as Kameleoon use historical data and predictive analytics to anticipate visitor behavior. Kameleoon achieves this with its Kameleoon Conversion Score (KCS™).

If KCS™ predicts visitors browsing high-end products are more likely to convert with Layout A, it ensures they see this layout. Those who are more interested in budget-friendly options may often encounter Layout B.

Your A/B tests aren’t static with AI. You’re not waiting to tweak your tests for next time. Instead, you’re optimizing and delivering the best possible experience instantaneously.

Personalization

Intelligent systems track each visitor’s browsing patterns, purchase history, and preferences. AI leverages this data to tailor variations specifically for different user segments, making A/B tests more relevant and accurate.

Ashley Furniture achieved these outcomes with AB Tasty’s AI-powered platform. According to Matt Sparks, the eCommerce Optimization Manager, their UX teams used it to better understand customer experiences, solve problems, and design new functionalities.

AB Tasty helped cut out Ashley Furniture’s redundant checkout procedures. They tested a variation, prompting shoppers to enter their delivery information right after logging in. This tweak increased conversion rates by 15% and cut bounce rates by 4%.

AI-optimized test results drive tangible benefits — no doubt — but they’re not a cure-all. There are inherent limitations to consider, and we’ll go over them in the next section.

Limitations of AI in A/B Testing

AI can’t solve every problem or guarantee 100% perfect results. Recognizing the human-focused aspects it doesn’t cover allows you to be more prudent in your testing and avoid over-reliance.

Complexity

AI setup involves using advanced algorithms, specialized software, and a skilled technical team. This complexity is challenging for smaller organizations or those without a dedicated data science team.

Start with no-code platforms like Userpilot and VWO if coding isn’t your strong suit. Or, opt for out-of-the-box solutions with multi-channel support like ​​HubSpot if you test across various platforms.

Managing and optimizing A/B tests is much easier with the right tool. So, take the time to assess your needs and select a solution that aligns with your goals.

Privacy and Safety

A 2024 report by Deep Instinct shows that 97% of organizations worry they’ll suffer from AI-generated zero-day attacks.

A zero-day attack exploits a software or hardware vulnerability developers don’t yet know about, leaving no immediate fix.

If such attacks compromise your testing tools, hackers may gain unauthorized access to sensitive data. They may manipulate test results to mislead your strategy or, worse, steal users’ personal information.

Set up real-time monitoring to catch suspicious activities and implement a data breach response plan. Don’t forget to train your team on data security best practices to keep everyone vigilant.

Misinformation and Ethical Concerns

AI has no empathy and intuitive understanding. It can tell you what’s happening, but it can’t always explain why.

Tracy Laranjo, a CRO Strategist quoted in this Convert piece on AI, mentioned that AI doesn't comprehend emotions and context as humans do. She advised:

“The key is to use AI responsibly; I use it to process data more efficiently, automate repetitive tasks, and be a more concise communicator. I embrace it for the doing aspects of my job but never for the thinking aspects.”

Pro tip: Combine A/B testing with other data analysis methods or run multiple tests to gather more insights if need be. However, continue applying sound judgment when interpreting results and making decisions.

How to Use AI for A/B Testing

Below are seven ways AI can transform your A/B testing efforts.

1. Real-Time Data Analysis to Enhance Decision-Making

AI-powered A/B testing platforms can process extensive real-time data insights. They identify complex trends, patterns, and other variables, facilitating more precise tests.

One test design that exemplifies AI real-time analysis is Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithms. It allocates traffic to better-performing variations up-to-the-minute—think ad placement optimization and content recommendation.

MAB allocates ad impressions in real-time, prioritizing ads that show better performance as user data accumulates. It can also adjust content recommendations based on recent viewer interactions.

Amma, a pregnancy tracker app, used nGrow’s MAB algorithm to reduce user turnover. MAB automated and optimized push notifications in real-time, increasing retention by 12% across iOS and Android users.

The team also gained a better understanding of their user base. They can now better plan for new regions and optimize user engagement.

2. Predictive Analytics to Boost Accuracy

AI predictions prevent you from having misguided hypotheses and testing ineffective variants.

Alun Lucas, Zuko’s analytics managing director, told me how he does it. He used AI tools like ChatGPT to analyze Zuko’s form analytics data and identify the answers to the following questions:

  • What are my most problematic form fields?
  • How has the data changed since the last period?
  • What ideas could we explore to improve the user experience and reduce abandonment in the identified problem fields?

Predictive analytics identify issues in your data forms or user flows before they become major headaches.

3. Personalized Testing to Create Tailored Experiences

AI lets you break down your audience into different segments based on behavior, demographics, and preferences.

For instance, if you plan to recommend fashion products, you can tailor your A/B tests to different customer segments. Think the patrons, bargain hunters, and eco-conscious shoppers.

Ellie Hughes, consulting head at Eclipse Group, found this approach to be valuable for validating prototypes before implementing them on a larger scale.

She tested different algorithms like personalized search ranking and photo-based recommendations. The outcome? It enhanced her clients’ experience and made it a compelling case for further AI investment.

As Hughes notes, “The value wasn’t in the production of an algorithm as an output. It was about the clever framing of an experiment to prove the monetary value of using AI within experiments.”

4. Multivariate Testing to Reveal Useful Insights

A/B testing can scale from only A and B to a full A-Z spectrum of possibilities. In her talk, Ellie Hughes debunked the myth that A/B testing is limited to comparing two versions, saying:

“A/B testing can involve multiple variants and more complex experimental designs, such as multivariate testing [...] to optimize various elements simultaneously.”

Here are some real-world instances where you can implement multivariate testing.

  • Ecommerce website. Test different combinations of headlines, images, and buttons on product pages to increase conversions.
  • Email marketing campaign. Experiment with subject lines, images, and call-to-action buttons to boost open and click-through rates.
  • Subscription service. Try different pricing plans, promotional offers, and trial lengths to attract new customers.

Simultaneous evaluation of multiple variables offers a more nuanced approach to experimentation. It provides richer insights and better overall results than basic A/B testing.

5. Anomaly Detection to Maintain Integrity

Ever had A/B test results that seemed too good (or bad) to be true?

That happens.

Good thing is, AI tools can monitor test data 24/7 and flag any unexpected deviations from the norm. Whether it is a system glitch or a shift in user behavior, AI tools can help you diagnose these issues.

Valentin Radu, Omniconvert CEO, explained how his team used AI to understand what frustrated his clients’ customers.

They monitored NPS survey responses pre- and post-delivery. The analysis allowed his team to run more effective tests and make targeted improvements.

Radu said, “You can’t come up with strong hypotheses for your A/B tests without blending qualitative data in your insights. So, we are already using NLP to crunch the data and identify the main issues by analyzing customer feedback or survey responses.”

To formulate stronger hypotheses, cross-check quantitative data with qualitative insights. It’ll help ensure the observed anomalies aren’t due to data errors or temporary glitches.

6. Improve Search Engine Results Ranking

AI A/B testing allows for precise measurement of how different factors (e.g., algorithm changes, user interface elements, or content) impact search engine results.

Ronny Kohavi, a world-leading AI A/B testing expert, has extensively mastered online controlled experiments. His work shows how AI and machine learning have been employed for years to fine-tune search results rankings.

These rankings span major websites like Airbnb, Amazon, Facebook, and Netflix.

He informed me that Airbnb’s relevance team delivered over 6% improvements in booking conversions. That’s after 20 successful product changes out of over 250 A/B test ideas.

Kahavi says that “it's important to notice not only the positive increase to conversion or revenue but also the fact that 230 out of 250 ideas — that is, 92% — failed to deliver on ideas we thought would be useful and implemented them.”

7. Continuous Optimization to Refine A/B Tests

You tested a bold red “Buy Now” button and saw a high conversion rate last year.

Now, you notice its performance slipping. Without continuous optimization, you might not discover that users now respond better to interactive elements like hover effects or animated buttons.

Of course, these are all hypothetical scenarios, but the bottom line is clear: Continuous AI monitoring can keep your A/B tests relevant and effective.

As described in this case study, [24]7.ai continuously refined its customer service strategies through A/B testing. They tested AI-driven chat solution versions to see which improved customer interactions and resolved inquiries better.

The results? A 35% containment rate, an 8.9% bot conversion rate, and over $1.3 million saved from enhanced efficiency.

A/B test results plateau or even decline as user preferences evolve. Adjust your test parameters to keep up with changing trends and drive ongoing improvements.

Make your A/B testing smarter with AI.

AI is here. Companies and industry experts who’ve embraced AI-driven A/B testing have found it nothing short of transformative.

To get started with AI-focused A/B testing, I highly recommend checking out HubSpot’s complete A/B testing kit. It offers a comprehensive checklist to help you run the perfect split test, from initial planning to final analysis.

Now, experience the future of testing.